eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2015-04-25 5 1 155 160 2422 article Chandrakant Waghmare 1 Sachin Kore 1 Department of Pharmacology, Ashwini Rural Medical College and Hospital, Solapur (India) . Assistant Professor in Skin and V.D., K.B.N. Institute of Medical Sciences, Gulbarga (India). Tuberculosis is a major health problem afflicting the world, especially the third world countries. Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as the disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis resistant to at least Isoniazid & Rifampicin , with or without resistance to other anti-TB drugs. Contrary to earlier belief, multi-drug  resistant Mycobacteria have proved to be as infectious as drug susceptible ones & can cause severe disease. Erratic prescribing by physicians & patient non-adherence to the treatment regimens are the major causes leading to the emergence of MDR-TB. World Health Organization (WHO) has issued guidelines for the management of MDR-TB. The regimens for the treatment of MDR-TB are designed according to the availability / unavailability of drug susceptibility test results. Second line anti-Tuberculosis (anti-TB) drugs and the newer agents have vital role in treatment of MDR-TB. Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) is strongly recommended for all anti-TB regimens. In general, the treatment of MD R-TB is costlier, less effective & more toxic as compared to treatment of drug susceptible Tuberculosis. In last few years there has been increased incidence of what has been described as ‘Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB). A WHO consultation in held in March 2012 has come up with the diagnostic definition and various treatment options for the management of Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB). https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol5no1/multi-drug-resistant-tuberculosis-mdr-tb-and-its-drug-treatment/ Drug Resistance Tuberculosis MDR-TB XDR-TB