eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2026-09-30 19 3 2710 2716 10.13005/bpj/3527 73193 article Siti Pratiekauri 1 Nina Mariana 2 Aninda Dinar Widiantari 3 Maria Lawrensia Tampubolon 3 Surya Oto Wijaya 4 Rosamarlina 5 Department of Clinical Parasitology, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia Clinical Research Unit, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia Intensive Care Unit, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia Department of Pulmonology, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia Department of Clinical Pathology, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Indonesia Invasive fungal diseases (IFD) are responsible for more than 1.5 million deaths globally annually. Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. are the most frequent causes of healthcare-associated fungal infections, particularly in critically ill patients. This study aimed to describe severely critically ill patients with IFD caused by Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2021 in the High Care Unit (HCU) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Sulianti Saroso Hospital. We enrolled non-neutropenic patients with pneumonia or sepsis. Blood, lung exudate, and urine samples were collected from each patient for fungal testing. We performed mycological examination by culture and serology (galactomannan test used to detect Aspergillus antigen). Proven, probable, and possible are proposed as levels of IFD probability. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the variables. Among 67 severely crititcally ill patients in the HCU and ICU who met the criteria. Blood samples were collected from 48 males and 19 females and then investigated. Most patients experienced pneumonia (87.0%), respiratory failure (76.1%), and sepsis (56.7%). Candida albicans was most commonly found in sputum (28.4%) and urine (25.4%), while Aspergillus fumigatus was found in sputum (3.0%). Candida parapsilosis and Candida duobushaeminlonii were found in the blood (4.5% and 1.5%, respectively), which is causing probable and possible IFDs. This study showed that invasive fungal disease was identified in non-neutropenic patients with severe to critical cases at HCU/ICU. The main cause of IFD is Candida albicans, while a small number of cases are caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger. The fungi are commonly found in sputum and urine, whereas Candida duobushaemulonii and Candida parapsilosis were detected in blood cultures. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol19no3/profile-of-invasive-fungal-diseases-ifd-among-severely-critically-ill-non-neutropenic-patients-in-the-hcu-or-icu-at-a-single-referral-hospital-in-indonesia/ Critically ill Invasive Fungal Disease (IFD) High Care Unit (HCU) Intensive care unit (ICU)