eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2026-07-24 19 3 72793 article Pasala Praveen Kumar 1 Rolla Kondaraju Gari Raghavendra Dar 1 Kamini Sai Kumari 1 Shaik Muskan 1 Siddamurthi Samba Siva Reddy 1 Darla Preethi 1 Department of Pharmacology, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research,Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur,K R Palli Cross,Chiyyedu, Anantapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh, India This study investigated the potential impact of pharmaceutical impurities on key zebrafish eye proteins involved in the visual transduction of Opsin (PDB ID:3CAP), transducin (PDB ID:6OY9) and phosphodiesterase-6 (PDB ID:4F1H) via molecular docking approaches. A virtual ligand library of selected pharmaceutical impurities was constructed from PubChem, and docking was performed with PyRx to evaluate the binding affinities and interaction modes at the predicted active sites. The results revealed that pharmaceutical impurities, such as triphenyl phosphate (TPP), exhibit high binding affinity for the selected visual protein opsin, which transduces phosphodiesterase-6 with binding energies of -7.7 kcal/mol, -7.5 kcal/mol and -6.8 kcal/mol, suggesting possible disruption of protein function. This mechanistic insight highlights the risk impurities pose to visual protein integrity and function, which may contribute to ocular toxicity. This study demonstrated that docking is a rapid screening tool for assessing the safety profile of the effects of pharmaceutical impurities on ocular proteins. These findings provide a basis for further experimental validation and enhanced drug safety evaluations to minimize visual toxicity risks. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol19no3/molecular-docking-based-evaluation-of-the-impact-of-pharmaceutical-impurities-on-visual-function/ Computational biology Molecular Docking Ocular toxicity Pharmaceutical impurities Zebrafish