eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2026-09-30 19 3 2092 2102 10.13005/bpj/3480 73412 article Mahmoud Ahmed Mansour 1 Wesam Saleh Abdel-Razaq 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. As regulators of post-translational modifications of several target genes, miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs (ribonucleic acid) that predict both the initiation and progression of neoplastic disorders as well as the response to anticancer treatment. Numerous miRNAs have shown promise in enhancing cancer cells sensitivity to treatment, while hundreds have been found to be indicators of drug resistance. Therefore, they have become a prospective target for reducing medication resistance because of their ability to modify how cells respond to therapy. miRNAs have substantial clinical potential as biomarkers for cancer prognosis and diagnosis. New optimism for the treatment of cancer has been brought about by the discoveries of miRNA mimics and inhibitors, particularly in reversing medication resistance. The efficacy of miRNA-based therapy procedures has been validated by research conducted in animal models and preclinical trials for solid tumors and leukemias. However, there are several challenges and restrictions on the involvement of miRNAs as antineoplastic drugs, such as the creation of a stable Nano construct, the selection of administration methods, and biodistribution. Numerous clinical trials have been implemented and have confirmed the use of miRNA molecules to support anticancer therapy, which offers enormous potential for cancer treatment. This review's objectives emphasize the critical role of miRNA interactions in the development, occurrence, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer, to offer fresh insights and approaches for cancer therapy, to clarify and provide an overview of the role and function of miRNA-100 in the treatment of cancer and to introduce novel therapeutic ideas for this molecule. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol19no3/microrna-interplay-a-possible-therapeutic-intervention-of-mir-100-in-cancer/ Drug resistance  miRNA miRNA-100 miRNA-100 inhibition therapy Replacement therapy Tumor suppressor gene