eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2026-03-25 19 1 1 14 10.13005/bpj/3333 70458 article Ravinesh Mishra 1 Manju Jakhar 1 Rajeev Dhiman 1 Laraib Khan 1 Aditya Raj 1 Vandana Devi 1 School of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and Technology, Baddi, Dist. Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, dyslipidaemia, and metabolic syndrome (MS) are metabolically driven conditions that are intimately related to one another and are rapidly becoming important global public health concerns. Insulin resistance, systemic low-grade inflammation, and long-term disruptions in glucose and lipid metabolism are characteristics of these disorders, which significantly raise the risk of hepatic and cardiovascular diseases as well as premature death. The pharmacotherapies that are now on the market are bad, often need polypharmacy, and have adverse effects that make it difficult for patients to take them as prescribed. Consequently, new drugs that can address the intricate pathophysiology of metabolic disorders are crucial. Due to the involvement of key metabolic sensors, such as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), sirtuins (specifically SIRT1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), a novel medication with multifunctional properties has been developed. These pathways further augment insulin sensitivity, repress hepatic gluconeogenesis, ameliorate mitochondrial function, normalise lipid profiles, and exert strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Preclinical research indicates positive effects such as glycaemic control, weight loss, improvements of lipid metabolism or reduction of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, as well as gut microbiota modulation. Preliminary human studies demonstrate enhanced metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers and excellent safety and compliance. The agent is a positive breakthrough in personalised, multi-targeted treatment of metabolic disease and needs to be validated by further large-scale clinical trials. This review explores recent advancements in drug discovery for metabolic disorders, focusing on novel therapeutic targets in insulin signalling, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and disease-specific complications. It highlights new therapies, challenges to drug development and future research directions. In addition to informing the reader about the possibility of breaking new ground in pharmacological management, this review is intended as a detailed, comprehensive picture of the most recent advances in the treatment of metabolic disorders https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol19no1/the-therapeutic-potential-of-novel-drug-targets-in-metabolic-disorders-a-review/ Dyslipidemia Gene Therapy Gut Microbiome Inflammation Insulin Resistance Metabolic Disorders MP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs)