eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2025-12-30 18 4 2951 2960 10.13005/bpj/3308 69042 article Renukadevi Jeyavelkumaran 1 Jayasri Bantaram 1 Karthikha Vijayakumar Sumathi 1 Sam Helinto Jeya 1 Sri Vaishnavi Velegatla 1 Akshay Babu Sharadha 1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Saveetha College of Pharmacy, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India Cancer development is inextricably associated with oxidative stress and inflammation, and tumor cells respond with increased glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and cellular glutathione (GSH) concentrations, leading to therapy resistance. Hemidesmus indicus is a commonly employed medicinal plant in Ayurveda, with bioactive compounds that may have anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this investigation was to assess the therapeutic value of bioactive fractions of H. indicus by targeting the GST and GSH pathways in tumor inflammation. Bioactive fractions were isolated using bioassay-guided fractionation and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as principal compounds Phthalic acid, Oleanen-3yl acetate, and Eicosane. Cytotoxicity against HeLa cells showed pronounced antiproliferative activity with an IC₅₀ value of 37.44 µg/mL. The bioactive fractions inhibited GST activity and consumed GSH content in HeLa cells, inducing oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, anti-inflammatory assays such as protein denaturation and red blood cell membrane stabilization validated its anti-inflammatory potential. These data indicate that H. indicus bioactive fractions act as potent modulators of oxidative stress and inflammation, and thus potential candidates for anticancer and anti-inflammatory drug development. More “in vivo” research and clinical trials are needed to establish their therapeutic applications. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol18no4/therapeutic-potential-of-hemidesmus-indicus-bioactive-fractions-inhibiting-gst-and-gsh-in-tumor-inflammation/ Bioactive Fractions HeLa Cells Hemidesmus indicus Phytochemical Profiling Redox Modulation Tumor Inflammation