eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2025-12-30 18 4 2585 2598 10.13005/bpj/3278 68797 article Nicolás Padilla-Raygoza 1 Rebeca Monroy-Torres 2 Omar López-Guzmán 1 Yaret Valeria Rodriguez-Aguilar 1 Doctorate in Nutrition, International IberoAmerican University, Campeche, México Department of Research and Technological Development, Directorate of Teaching and Research, Institute of Public Health from Guanajuato State, Guanajuato, México. Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Division of Health Sciences, Campus León, University of Guanajuato, León, México. This review aims to study the rol of Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) in inflammatory biomarkers. In the last decade, the association between the consumption of probiotics and their effect on health has been shown. For example, they have been proposed as a reliable tool for modulating the intestinal microbiota and a potential therapy for specific disorders or diseases. In this regard, research on the use of LcS has gained significant interest, with a wide variety of studies conducted in cellular, murine, and human models. In general, it has been observed that the best results on inflammatory biomarkers are obtained with the consumption of LcS together with other substances, such as prebiotics, in cellular and murine models; while in human models, the best results are obtained in studies with healthy subjects. An area of opportunity arises for the clinical use of LcS together with other substances, to reduce inflammatory markers, given that this strategy provides better results in cellular or murine models, and to date, there are a few human studies with this type of intervention. There is sufficient evidence about the consumption of probiotics and their effects on health, since their historical use in fermented foods (mainly milk), makes them culturally acceptable by the population and in important efforts by the scientific community to continue contributing to the description and efficacy of their use, thereby understanding the various bacteria involved, such as Bacteroidetes. Research designs are diverse and nonspecific, in addition to the mechanisms linked to differences in their effectiveness with their use, such as the kind of foods, age, gastrointestinal pH, physical activity, etc., in addition to the type of foods that have a prebiotic function, which makes it difficult to measure the same result or benefit. This makes them confounding variables that need to be controlled and analyzed in studies. Therefore, it is important to continue contributing to clarifying their benefits and in what types of pathologies, duration of treatment, doses, etc. It becomes imperative to continue conducting clinical studies on different pathologies as has been done and considering diet, from its combination, quality and quantity. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol18no4/lactobacillus-casei-shirota-and-inflammatory-biomarkers-a-literature-review/ Interleukin-6 Inflammation markers  Lactobacillus casei Shirota Probiotics Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha