The interconnection between oxidative imbalance, sustained inflammation, and thrombotic activity is a critical contributor to the pathophysiology of numerous chronic diseases, including joint disorders, cardiovascular ailments, and metabolic dysfunctions. In light of the growing interest in phytochemicals as safer therapeutic alternatives, the present research explores the bioefficacy of compounds isolated from Euphorbia tirucalli, a plant traditionally used for its medicinal properties. Through systematic chromatographic separation, three key bioactive constituents—eriodictyol, quercitrin, and scopoletin—were obtained from the bark extract.To evaluate their antioxidant activity, both DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays were conducted. The results demonstrated that all three compounds exerted substantial free radical inhibition in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, their IC₅₀ values were comparable to that of ascorbic acid, the reference standard, indicating their potent capability to mitigate oxidative stress. These findings suggest that the isolated constituents from E. tirucalli may serve as promising candidates for further investigation in the management of oxidative stress-mediated conditions.Antiarthritic activity was evaluated through two validated models—inhibition of heat-induced protein denaturation and stabilization of human erythrocyte membranes. All three compounds demonstrated marked anti-inflammatory effects, indicating their ability to protect proteins and cellular membranes under inflammatory conditions. In addition, thrombolytic properties were assessed using human blood samples, where the compounds exhibited effective clot lysis, indicating potential fibrinolytic activity. Collectively, these findings provide scientific support for the ethnomedicinal use of Euphorbia tirucalli and highlight the pharmacological relevance of its constituents. The multifunctional bioactivities of eriodictyol, quercitrin, and scopoletin make them promising candidates for further development into natural therapeutic agents targeting oxidative damage, inflammation, and thrombosis.