eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2025-06-30 18 2 1711 1722 10.13005/bpj/3207 66400 article Lobna Saad Mohammed Abd Elmeged 1 Rasha Khalid Abbas 2 Sultan Mashnafi 5 Hajir Altoom Hassan 3 Elgaili Abdelrahman Omer 6 Yousif jumma abdurahman Adam 3 Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Applied,AL-Baha University, AlMakhwa, Saudi Arabia Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Home Economics, Menoufia University, Shibin el Kom, Menofia Governorate, Egypt Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, AL-Baha University, Saudi Arabia Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Applied and Industrial Science University of Bahri, Sudan Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Saudi Arabia Deanship of Graduated Studies and Scientific Research, Kassala University, Kassala, Sudan Oxidative stress is a condition that occurs when there is an imbalance between the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body and its ability to detoxify these reactive molecules or repair the damage they cause. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of neem tree (Azadirachta indica A.Juss) leaves collected in the Tehama al-Baha area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in reducing oxidative stress induced by potassium bromate in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy adult male albino rats weighting 150±5g were used in the experiment, were used and divided into 5 groups, one was kept as a negative control group, while the other groups of rats (24 in total) were injected by a single intraperitoneal dose of potassium bromate at dose of 125 mg/kg body weight for induction of oxidative stress, the groups were divided into four groups fed on basal diet + neem leaves at different levels 5%, 10%  and 15% and one group acting as a control(+) group that suffered from the disease but did not follow the experimental diet, also phenolic compounds have been extracted using the technique described. Results: BrO3 intoxication raised the AST (Aspartate Transaminase) /  ALT (Alanine Transaminase)  ratio, while feeding on plant diets lowered this ratio. Nevertheless, the best effect was recorded for G4 (10% neem leaves), with a non-significant difference from G3 (5% neem leaves). The non-significant difference between G3 and G4 could be attributed to the similar biochemical properties of the neem leaves at both concentrations. The revealed primary bioactive compounds in the neem leaves, such as pyrogallol and catechin, may reach a saturation point where increasing the concentration from 5% to 10% does not significantly enhance their impact on the AST (Aspartate Transaminase) /  ALT (Alanine Transaminase)  ratio. Catalase activity (Catalase) was reduced due to KBrO3 intoxication, while plant diets G 5(15% neem leaves) increased. Neem leaves led to the most significant enhancement of Catalase, Superoxide Dismutase, and Glutathione Peroxidase activities, indicating its superior protective effect against oxidative stress. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol18no2/chemical-and-nutritional-studies-of-neem-plant-leaves-planted-in-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia-and-their-importance-in-combating-oxidative-stress-in-experimental-animals/ Azadirachta indica Functional Foods Neem Leaves Oxidative Stress Potassium Bromate Rats