eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2024-03-20 17 1 187 202 10.13005/bpj/2847 55920 article Prashant Nayak 1 R Narayan Charyulu 1 Nitte (Deemed to be University), NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Deralakatte, Mangaluru-575018, India siRNAs(Small interfering RNA) have emerged as new nucleic acid drugs to treat life-threatening diseases such as malignant tumors as our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of endogenous RNA interference has increased. Synthetic small interfering RNAs (siRNA) or short hairpin RNAs (shRNA) have been shown to have clinical potential in dental illnesses, eye infections, cancer, metabolic syndromes, neurological disorders, and other illnesses in subsequent RNAi investigations. Although various siRNA are used as a medication for respiratory and ophthalmic illnesses in clinical trials, there are problems in developing siRNA for malignancy treatments because systemic delivery would be required in the treatment of the majority of patients. Aside from nonspecific off-target effects and immunological stimulation issues, proper administration remains a significant challenge. The technologies that have been created for the formulation of siRNA therapeutics, including antisense oligonucleotides and plasmid DNA, have prepared the path for rapid advancement in in-vivo siRNA delivery. This review focuses on the Potential uses of siRNA in different diseases and its challenges in usage. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol17no1/small-interfering-rna-drug-delivery-system-in-cancer/ Cancer Clinical trials Diseases Formulation illnesses RNA interference