eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2022-09-29 15 3 1261 1270 10.13005/bpj/2462 45824 article Devasrita Dash 1 Laxminarayana Bairy Kurady 2 Bharti Chogtu 3 Department of Pharmacology, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India Department of Pharmacology, Ras Al Khaimah College of Medical Sciences, Ras Al Khaimah-11172, UAE Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is considered a pivotal risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aluminium chloride induces hippocampal structural & functional abnormality and causes neurodegeneration. Our study evaluated the effects of vildagliptin on spatial memory, cholinergic activity, and neuronal survival in cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) region of hippocampus in an aluminium chloride-induced AD in male Wistar rats. Materials and method: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. All animals except normal control were exposed to aluminium chloride (17 mg/kg/day) and group 3, 4 and 5 were simultaneously received rivastigmine (6 mg/kg/day), vildagliptin (5 mg/kg/day and 10 mg/kg/day) treatment respectively for 30 days. Assessment of spatial memory was followed by estimation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and quantification of neuronal cell count in CA3 region of hippocampus. Results: Vildagliptin improved spatial memory, decreased acetylcholinesterase levels, and improved neuronal count in CA3 region of hippocampus through multimodal approach. Conclusion: Vildagliptin treatment significantly attenuated aluminium chloride-induced cognitive deficits. It may serve as a promising candidate in the management of concomitant AD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol15no3/effect-of-vildagliptin-on-cognitive-deficits-in-an-experimental-model-of-alzheimers-disease/ Alzheimer’s disease Aluminium chloride  CA3 region Cognition  Type 2 diabetes  Vildagliptin