eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2019-09-25 12 3 1317 1328 10.13005/bpj/1760 28613 article Inas R. El- Alameey 1 Hanaa H. Ahmed 2 Mones M. Abushady 3 Child Health Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Egypt and Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Department, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Egypt Child Health Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Egypt Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin probably concerned in the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) in adults. The aim was to explore serum BDNF relationship with metabolic syndrome components before and after one-year of the lifestyle intervention program in obese children. Forty obese children and forty age and gender-matched lean controls were studied. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, lipid profile, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum BDNF, before and after one year of diet control and physical activity were measured. At baseline, fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides were significantly higher in obese children relative to controls (P=0.00). Serum BDNF concentration was significantly lower in obese children than in lean controls (P=0.00), and its mean concentration of the subjects with MS was significantly lower than those without MS, and control group (P< 0.001). Linear regression analysis suggested that high waist: hip ratio, body adiposity index, fat percentage, diastolic BP, fasting blood glucose, LDL and HOMA-IR are good predictors for decreased serum BDNF concentration in obese children. After one-year intervention program, the obese group showed a significant increase in serum BDNF, and HDL, paralleled by a significant decline in fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides as compared to the baseline (P =0.00). Serum BDNF was lower in obese children than in lean controls, and seemed to be linked with the metabolic syndrome components. One-year lifestyle intervention program succeeded to enhance BDNF serum concentration in these children. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/vol12no3/role-of-lifestyle-intervention-programme-in-regulating-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-in-obese-children-with-metabolic-syndrome-components/ Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Lifestyle Intervention Program Metabolic Syndrome Obese Children