eng Oriental Scientific Publishing Company Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 0974-6242 2025-03-31 18 1 781 789 10.13005/bpj/3128 65032 article Upik Rahmi 1 Hanna Goenawan 2 Nova Sylviana 3 Iwan Setiawan 2 Suci Tuty Putri 1 Septian Andriyani 1 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Department of Research, Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital, Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia The hippocampus is essential for learning and memory, with the p53 protein serving as a critical regulator of these cognitive processes. While p53 is predominantly recognized for its role in apoptosis, it also plays a vital role in modulating synaptic plasticity and preserving hippocampal health. This review explores the influence of p53 on synaptic function and long-term potentiation (LTP) in CA1 neurons, emphasizing its neuroprotective properties within the central nervous system. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across databases such as PubMed and ScienceDirect, employing systematic inclusion and exclusion criteria. We limited our analysis to experimental studies published in English between 2001 and 2022, specifically including articles that were not systematic reviews or literature articles, and excluding animal studies, simplified abstracts, and book chapters. A total of six articles were deliberately chosen for review, examining varied patterns of p53 and synaptic function in diverse contextual settings. The findings reveal that p53 gene regulation is integral to neuronal transcription and is influenced by synaptic activity, with LTP induction correlating with increased p53 transcription levels. Furthermore, miR-34c enhances synaptic function by promoting the expression of synaptotagmin 1. Under apoptotic conditions, p53 is localized at synaptic terminals, contributing to mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which leads to synaptic mitochondrial depolarization. The activation of p53 in the CA1 region highlights its dual role in facilitating apoptosis while also providing neuroprotection. These findings suggest that targeting p53 pathways may offer novel therapeutic strategies for enhancing synaptic function and protecting against neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach to modulate its activity for optimal neuronal health. https://biomedpharmajournal.org/uncategorized/exploring-the-role-of-p53-in-synaptic-plasticity-in-the-hippocampus-a-narrative-review-of-its-implications-for-memory-and-learning/ Hippocampus Long-Term Potentiation (LTP) Neuroprotection P53 Synaptic Plasticity