{"id":2568,"date":"2015-04-26T06:10:53","date_gmt":"2015-04-26T06:10:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/?p=2568"},"modified":"2016-11-26T05:42:02","modified_gmt":"2016-11-26T05:42:02","slug":"study-of-lipase-production-by-acinetobacter-sp-ymp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/vol5no2\/study-of-lipase-production-by-acinetobacter-sp-ymp\/","title":{"rendered":"Study of Lipase Production by Acinetobacter sp. YMP"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0lipases \u00a0(triglycerolacylhydrolases E. C. 3.1.1.3) \u00a0are \u00a0one \u00a0of \u00a0the \u00a0most important \u00a0biocatalysts \u00a0catalysing \u00a0the \u00a0hydrolysis \u00a0of \u00a0triglycerides \u00a0to \u00a0glycerol \u00a0& \u00a0fatty \u00a0\u00a0acids \u00a0& \u00a0can \u00a0carry \u00a0out \u00a0novel \u00a0reactions \u00a0in \u00a0both \u00a0aqueous \u00a0and \u00a0non \u00a0aqueous \u00a0media.1<\/sup> Among \u00a0lipases \u00a0of \u00a0plants, \u00a0animals \u00a0and \u00a0microorganisms2<\/sup>, \u00a0the \u00a0microbial \u00a0lipases \u00a0find immense \u00a0application, \u00a0this \u00a0is \u00a0because \u00a0microbes \u00a0can \u00a0be \u00a0easily \u00a0cultivated \u00a0and \u00a0their lipases \u00a0can \u00a0catalyse \u00a0a \u00a0wide \u00a0variety \u00a0of \u00a0hydrolytic \u00a0and \u00a0synthetic \u00a0reactions3<\/sup> .Lipases are \u00a0useful \u00a0in \u00a0a \u00a0variety \u00a0of \u00a0biotechnological \u00a0fields \u00a0such \u00a0as \u00a0food \u00a0and \u00a0dairy \u00a0industry (cheese \u00a0ripening, \u00a0flavour \u00a0development), \u00a0paper \u00a0manufacturing , detergent formulation, \u00a0pharmaceutical \u00a0preparations \u00a0(naproxen, \u00a0ibuprofen), \u00a0agrochemicals industry \u00a0(insecticides, \u00a0pesticides) \u00a0and \u00a0oil \u00a0processing \u00a0chemical \u00a0industries \u00a0(fat \u00a0and \u00a0oil hydrolysis, \u00a0biosurfactant \u00a0synthesis)4\u00a0 <\/sup>& \u00a0many \u00a0newer \u00a0areas. \u00a0\u00a0Each \u00a0type \u00a0of \u00a0application requires \u00a0unique \u00a0properties \u00a0with \u00a0respect \u00a0to \u00a0specificity , \u00a0stability, \u00a0temperature \u00a0& pH\u00a0 dependance. \u00a0Many microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, yeast produce extracellular5 <\/sup>lipases. \u00a0Among \u00a0these , \u00a0the \u00a0lipase \u00a0produced \u00a0by \u00a0biosurfactant \u00a0producing \u00a0organisms\u00a0 shows \u00a0high \u00a0potential \u00a0to \u00a0degrade \u00a0the \u00a0hydrocarbons, \u00a0oils \u00a0and \u00a0fats \u00a0than \u00a0\u00a0the \u00a0lipase produced \u00a0by \u00a0ordinary \u00a0microorganisms. \u00a0In \u00a0addition , \u00a0they \u00a0show\u00a0 stability \u00a0towards external \u00a0environmental \u00a0conditions \u00a0like \u00a0pH, \u00a0temperature, \u00a0substrate \u00a0concentration etc.\u00a0 So \u00a0we \u00a0have \u00a0studied \u00a0\u00a0production, \u00a0purification \u00a0& standardisation \u00a0of \u00a0lipase \u00a0by biosurfactant \u00a0producing \u00a0organism \u00a0Acinetobacter \u00a0<\/em>sp. YMP.<\/p>\n

Materials And\u00a0 Methods<\/strong><\/p>\n

Isolation \u00a0of \u00a0organism\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Biosurfactant \u00a0producing \u00a0Acinetobacter \u00a0<\/em>species \u00a0YMP \u00a0was \u00a0isolated \u00a0from oily \u00a0waste \u00a0collected \u00a0from \u00a0\u00a0Farsan \u00a0industry \u00a0located \u00a0at \u00a0Unchgaon , \u00a0Kolhapur . It\u2019s cultural \u00a0characteristics \u00a0were \u00a0studied \u00a0& \u00a0the \u00a0species \u00a0was \u00a0confirmed \u00a0by \u00a016 S \u00a0r RNA \u00a0sequencing.<\/p>\n

Detection \u00a0and \u00a0confirmation \u00a0of \u00a0enzyme \u00a0production \u00a0of \u00a0Acinetobacter\u00a0 <\/em>sp. YMP .<\/strong><\/p>\n

A \u00a0loopful \u00a0of \u00a0suspension \u00a0of \u00a0Acinetobacter \u00a0\u00a0<\/em>species \u00a0YMP \u00a0\u00a0was \u00a0aseptically \u00a0streaked \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0on \u00a0sterile \u00a0egg \u00a0yolk \u00a0agar \u00a0medium \u00a0by \u00a0four \u00a0quadrant \u00a0streaking \u00a0method. \u00a0The \u00a0plates were \u00a0incubated \u00a0at \u00a0room \u00a0temperature \u00a0for \u00a024-48 \u00a0hours. \u00a0For \u00a0confirmation \u00a0of \u00a0lipase activity, the \u00a0organism \u00a0was \u00a0streaked \u00a0on \u00a0fat \u00a0(butter) \u00a0agar \u00a0by \u00a0four \u00a0quadrant \u00a0streaking\u00a0 \u00a0method \u00a0& \u00a0the \u00a0plates \u00a0were \u00a0incubated \u00a0at \u00a0room \u00a0temperature \u00a0for \u00a024-48 \u00a0hours.<\/p>\n

Study \u00a0of \u00a0enzyme \u00a0lipase \u00a0of \u00a0Acinetobacter\u00a0 <\/em>sp. \u00a0YMP\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0selected \u00a0isolate \u00a0was \u00a0\u00a0inoculated \u00a0in \u00a0100ml \u00a0Medium A6\u00a0 <\/sup>with \u00a01% groundnut \u00a0oil \u00a0concentration \u00a0[(gm\/lit) \u00a0starch: \u00a020; \u00a0\u00a0peptone: 20; \u00a0\u00a0NH4<\/sub>CI : 3.8; \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0MgSO4<\/sub>: 1; \u00a0\u00a0K2<\/sub>HPO4 : 5; \u00a0\u00a0groundnut\u00a0\u00a0 Oil:1% \u00a0at \u00a0pH=7] \u00a0and \u00a0incubated \u00a0for \u00a024-72 \u00a0hours on \u00a0rotary \u00a0shaker \u00a0at \u00a0450 \u00a0rpm \u00a0at \u00a0room \u00a0temperature.<\/p>\n

Then \u00a0the \u00a0cell \u00a0free \u00a0broth \u00a0was \u00a0obtained \u00a0by \u00a0centrifugation \u00a0at \u00a03500 rpm for \u00a030 min \u00a0and \u00a0the \u00a0supernatant \u00a0\u00a0was \u00a0used \u00a0as \u00a0the \u00a0crude \u00a0enzyme \u00a0for \u00a0assay \u00a0of \u00a0lipase. \u00a0The \u00a0lipase \u00a0activity \u00a0was \u00a0studied \u00a0by \u00a0titrimetric \u00a0method 7 <\/sup>described \u00a0by\u00a0 Umamaheshwari \u00a0at regular \u00a0intervals \u00a0of \u00a024, \u00a048 \u00a0and 72 \u00a0hours.<\/p>\n

Study \u00a0of \u00a0effect \u00a0of \u00a0environmental \u00a0factors \u00a0on \u00a0lipase \u00a0production by\u00a0 Acinetobacter\u00a0 <\/em>sp. \u00a0YMP\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Various \u00a0environmental \u00a0factors \u00a0\u00a0affecting\u00a0 \u00a0lipase \u00a0production. ( e. g. agitation , \u00a0time span , \u00a0substrate \u00a0concentration,\u00a0 \u00a0pH\u00a0 <\/sup>& \u00a0temperature.)\u00a0\u00a0 were \u00a0studied<\/p>\n

Effect of \u00a0\u00a0agitation\u00a0 \u00a0on \u00a0\u00a0lipase \u00a0\u00a0production<\/strong>\u00a0 :<\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0isolate \u00a0was \u00a0inoculated \u00a0in \u00a0medium \u00a0A \u00a0& \u00a0was \u00a0incubated \u00a0at \u00a0static condition & \u00a0on \u00a0rotary \u00a0shaker \u00a0at \u00a0450 \u00a0rpm\u00a0 at\u00a0 room \u00a0temperature \u00a0for \u00a0144 \u00a0hours. \u00a0The yield\u00a0\u00a0 of \u00a0lipase \u00a0was \u00a0determined \u00a0by \u00a0titrimetric \u00a0method \u00a0at \u00a0regular \u00a0intervals \u00a0of \u00a024, \u00a048 , 72,\u00a0 96, 120 \u00a0& 144 \u00a0hours.<\/p>\n

Optimization\u00a0 \u00a0of \u00a0\u00a0substrate\u00a0 \u00a0concentration \u00a0\u00a0for \u00a0\u00a0lipase \u00a0production :<\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0isolate \u00a0was \u00a0inoculated \u00a0in \u00a0medium \u00a0A \u00a0with \u00a0increasing \u00a0substrate concentrations \u00a0(groundnut \u00a0oil) \u00a00.5%, \u00a01%, \u00a01.5%, \u00a02%,\u00a0 \u00a02.5% \u00a0on \u00a0rotary \u00a0shaker \u00a0at \u00a0450 rpm \u00a0for \u00a0120 \u00a0hours. \u00a0The \u00a0optimum \u00a0\u00a0substrate \u00a0concentration\u00a0 \u00a0was \u00a0determined \u00a0by titrimetric \u00a0\u00a0method.<\/p>\n

Effect\u00a0 \u00a0of\u00a0 \u00a0pH \u00a0on \u00a0\u00a0the \u00a0\u00a0lipase \u00a0\u00a0production :<\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0isolate \u00a0was \u00a0inoculated \u00a0in \u00a0medium \u00a0A \u00a0at \u00a0different \u00a0pH<\/sup> \u00a0such \u00a0as \u00a0pH<\/sup> =1, 2, \u00a03, \u00a05, \u00a07, \u00a09 \u00a0& 11 \u00a0& \u00a0incubated \u00a0on \u00a0rotary \u00a0shaker \u00a0at \u00a04500\u00a0 rpm \u00a0for \u00a0120 \u00a0hours \u00a0& the \u00a0maximum \u00a0yield \u00a0was \u00a0determined \u00a0by \u00a0titrimetric \u00a0method.<\/p>\n

Effect\u00a0 \u00a0of \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0temperature \u00a0\u00a0on\u00a0 \u00a0the \u00a0\u00a0lipase \u00a0\u00a0production<\/strong> :<\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0isolate \u00a0was \u00a0inoculated \u00a0in \u00a0medium \u00a0A \u00a0at \u00a0different \u00a0temperatures such \u00a0as \u00a010\u00b0C, \u00a027\u00b0C, \u00a037\u00b0C, \u00a055\u00b0C \u00a0& \u00a0incubated \u00a0on \u00a0rotary \u00a0shaker \u00a0for \u00a0120 \u00a0hours \u00a0& \u00a0the maximum \u00a0yield \u00a0was \u00a0determined \u00a0by \u00a0titrimetric \u00a0method.<\/p>\n

Purification \u00a0of \u00a0lipase \u00a0enzyme \u00a0produced \u00a0by \u00a0Acinetobacter <\/em>\u00a0sp. YMP \u00a0by \u00a0precipitation \u00a0method.<\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0organism \u00a0was \u00a0inoculated \u00a0in \u00a0medium \u00a0A \u00a0with 2% \u00a0oil \u00a0concentration at \u00a0pH \u00a03.0 \u00a0and \u00a0Temperature \u00a027\u00b0C \u00a0on \u00a0rotary \u00a0shaker \u00a0at \u00a0450 \u00a0rpm \u00a0for \u00a0\u00a0120 \u00a0hours. Then \u00a0equal \u00a0amount \u00a0of \u00a0broth \u00a0was \u00a0added \u00a0with \u00a0increasing \u00a0concentration \u00a0of ammonium \u00a0sulphate \u00a0(10%, 20%….70%)\u00a0 and \u00a0enzyme activity \u00a0was \u00a0detected \u00a0by titrimetric \u00a0method.<\/p>\n

Result and\u00a0Discussion<\/strong><\/p>\n

The \u00a0enzyme \u00a0production of \u00a0the \u00a0isolate \u00a0was \u00a0detected \u00a0by \u00a0observing \u00a0the \u00a0zone \u00a0of \u00a0opalascence\u00a0 \u00a0around the \u00a0colonies \u00a0on \u00a0egg \u00a0yolk \u00a0agar \u00a0plate \u00a0& \u00a0further \u00a0confirmed \u00a0by \u00a0observing \u00a0transluscent \u00a0zone \u00a0around \u00a0the \u00a0colonies \u00a0\u00a0on \u00a0fat (butter) \u00a0agar \u00a0plates.<\/p>\n

We \u00a0studied \u00a0the \u00a0effect \u00a0of \u00a0various \u00a0environmental \u00a0factors\u00a0 (time \u00a0span, \u00a0agitation, substrate \u00a0concentration , \u00a0pH\u00a0 & \u00a0temperature) \u00a0on \u00a0lipase \u00a0production \u00a0by \u00a0Acinetobacter <\/em>sp. \u00a0YMP \u00a0& the \u00a0results\u00a0 \u00a0of \u00a0this \u00a0study \u00a0are \u00a0as \u00a0described \u00a0in \u00a0Table 1\u2014 Table 4.<\/p>\n

Table 1: Agitation\u00a0 (rpm) \u00a0Vs\u00a0 \u00a0Enzyme \u00a0units (mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0TIME \u00a0SPAN (HOURS)<\/strong><\/td>\nENZYME \u00a0UNITS \u00a0(mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
<\/td>\nUnder static condition<\/strong><\/td>\nUnder \u00a0agitated \u00a0condition\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (450 rpm)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/td>\n0.1<\/td>\n0.13<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n0.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
72<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
96<\/td>\n0.22<\/td>\n0.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
120<\/td>\n0.2<\/td>\n0.32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
144<\/td>\n0.18<\/td>\n0.28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Table 2 : Substrate\u00a0 concentration \u00a0(%) \u00a0Vs. \u00a0Enzyme \u00a0units \u00a0(mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Substrate \u00a0concentration (%)<\/strong><\/td>\nEnzyme \u00a0units (mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0.5<\/td>\n0.14<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n0.32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1.5<\/td>\n0.32<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n0.39<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2.5<\/td>\n0.26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00a0Table 3 : pH\u00a0 Vs Enzyme units (mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
pH<\/strong><\/td>\nEnzyme units(mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n0.30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\n0.42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n0.54<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n0.33<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\n0.30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\n0.03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/td>\n0.005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Table 4: Temperature 0<\/sup>C\u00a0\u00a0 Vs\u00a0 Enzyme units (mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Temperature 0<\/sup> C<\/strong><\/td>\nEnzyme units(mg\/ml)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\n0.18<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/td>\n0.47<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/td>\n0.24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
55<\/td>\n0.19<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Thus, \u00a0\u00a0the\u00a0 \u00a0maximum \u00a0yield \u00a0\u00a0of \u00a0\u00a0enzyme \u00a0was \u00a0obtained \u00a0within \u00a0120 \u00a0hours \u00a0under agitated \u00a0condition \u00a0(450 rpm), \u00a0at \u00a02 % \u00a0substrate \u00a0cocentration , \u00a0at \u00a03 \u00a0pH & \u00a0at \u00a0270<\/sup> C.<\/p>\n

Lipase \u00a0enzyme \u00a0was \u00a0purified \u00a0by \u00a0precipitation \u00a0with \u00a0\u00a0ammonium\u00a0 sulphate \u00a0in \u00a0increasing \u00a0concentration. \u00a0The \u00a0maximum \u00a0precipitation \u00a0and \u00a0enzyme activity\u00a0 \u00a0was \u00a0observed \u00a0at \u00a060%\u00a0 \u00a0ammonium \u00a0sulphate \u00a0concentration .<\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

By \u00a0using \u00a0biosurfactant \u00a0producing \u00a0Acinetobacter<\/em> \u00a0sp. YMP , \u00a0enzyme lipase \u00a0was \u00a0produced. \u00a0It\u2019s \u00a0activity \u00a0was \u00a0determined \u00a0by \u00a0titrimetric \u00a0method. \u00a0Also , optimum \u00a0conditions \u00a0for \u00a0enzyme \u00a0production \u00a0were \u00a0determined. \u00a0The \u00a0enzyme \u00a0was further \u00a0purified \u00a0by \u00a0ammonium \u00a0sulphate \u00a0\u00a0precipitation \u00a0method. Thus , lipase produced \u00a0by\u00a0 biosurfactant \u00a0producing \u00a0Acinetobacter<\/em> \u00a0sp. \u00a0YMP \u00a0can \u00a0be \u00a0exploited \u00a0in various \u00a0areas \u00a0of \u00a0Industrial \u00a0Microbiology \u00a0and \u00a0Biotechnology.<\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
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  7. Narendrakumar, Rethunaselvi, kannahi., “Production and Characterization of Extracellular Lipase from Aspergillus niger<\/em>:. Journal of Microbial World, Vol-12, Number.1, 2010; pp: 66-70.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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