{"id":1906,"date":"2015-03-28T06:15:27","date_gmt":"2015-03-28T06:15:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/?p=1906"},"modified":"2020-04-26T07:37:22","modified_gmt":"2020-04-26T07:37:22","slug":"in-vitro-seed-germination-studies-of-lavendula-officinalis-chaix","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/vol4no1\/in-vitro-seed-germination-studies-of-lavendula-officinalis-chaix\/","title":{"rendered":"In vitro Seed Germination Studies of Lavendula officinalis Chaix"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lavendula officinalis Chaix is among the most important aromatic plants of now-a-days. Lavendula officinalis Chaix syn.\u00a0 Lavendula angustifolia Mill. (Family lamiaceae) is one of the most important aromatic plants in France, Spain, Bulgaria and Russia. The plant was introduced in Kashmir in 1983 and its cultivation and processing for essential oil and dried flowers was quite successful (Tajjudin et al., 1983). Lavendula officinalis is a perennial, bushy shrub 50-80cm in height have an economic plantation of 12-15 years. The plant forms annual straight non branching four edged floriferous stalk, terminating in ear shaped floscule. Plants produce flowers.<\/p>\n

once in a year for 30-40 days during June to July. The clyx is tubular with longitudinal ribs; corolla is bilabial and falls after blossom. Leaves are green, situated in opposite pairs and covered with trichomes. In winter only old leaves fall off, so the plants remains green (Anonymous, 1962).<\/p>\n

Materials and methods<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seeds were collected from the field gene bank of Indian Institute of Integrative medicine (CSIR) Srinagar and were separately subjected to various treatments.<\/p>\n

Sand paper Scarification: – Sand paper of \u201csize 100″ was used .The seeds were kept between two sheets of sand paper and rubbed six times. After scarification seeds were kept at light and dark conditions.<\/p>\n

Sulphuric Acid ( H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub>) treatment:- Seeds were kept in a muslin cloth and then dipped in concentrated H2<\/sub>SO4<\/sub> treatment for 3 minutes followed by a wash in distilled water. After washing in distilled water seeds were kept at light and dark conditions. Sulphuric acid used was 99.9% pure, Merck\u2019s Sulphuric acid.<\/p>\n

Chilling treatment:- Seeds were subjected to 48 hours chilling treatment in -20. After chilling seeds were kept at light and dark conditions.<\/p>\n

Gibberlic Acid Treatment: – Gibberlic Acid treatment of 200 ppm prepared by dissolving 200 mg of gibberlic acid in 1000 ml of distilled water. The seeds were kept in the solution for about 24 hours followed by a wash in autoclaved double distilled water.<\/p>\n

Results and Discussion\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

During the present study it was observed that seeds whose seed code was scarified with sand paper showed 6.25% of germination in light Fig. 1 (Table 1, Graph 1). At dark treatments these scarified seeds show same %age of germination i.e. 6.25%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 1 :<\/strong>
\nClick here to View figure<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(Table 1, Graph 1).<\/p>\n

Table 1: In vitro seed germination studies of Lavendula officinalis subjected to various treatments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Treatment<\/strong><\/td>\nNo. of seeds germinated in light & darkness<\/strong><\/td>\n% germination in<\/strong><\/p>\n

light & darkness<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Control<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sand paper Scarification<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n6.25<\/td>\n6.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Acid Wash<\/p>\n

(3 min)<\/td>\n

2<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n12.5<\/td>\n6.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
48 hours chilling<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n25<\/td>\n18.75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
GA3<\/sub> 200ppm<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n31.25<\/td>\n12.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Seeds washed with sulphuric acid showed 12.5% of seed germination in light.<\/p>\n

Fig. 2(Table 1, Graph 1). At dark treatment the seeds treated with sulphuric acid showed\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6.25 % of germination. (Table 1, Graph 1).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 2 :<\/strong>
\nClick here to View figure<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Graph<\/td>\nGraph 1: Percentage of germination in seeds of Lavendula Officinalis Chaix<\/strong><\/p>\n

Click here to View figure<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Seeds subjected to 48 hours chilling treatment showed 25% of germination in light. Fig 3 (Table 1, Graph 1). The dark treatment showed 18.75% of germination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 3 :\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Click here to View figure\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(Table 1, Graph 1).<\/p>\n

Maximum germination in light i.e. 31.25% was observed in seeds treated with GA3<\/sub> Fig. 4 (Table 1, Graph 1). GA3 <\/sub>treated seeds at darkness showed 12.5% of germination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure \u00a04: <\/strong>
\nClick here to View figure<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

(Table 1, Graph 1).<\/p>\n

The relevance and significance of different seed treatments such as soaking before sowing for breaking dormancy and improving seed germination is well known. Seeds of lavendula officinalis subjected to scarification showed 6.25% germination in light and same percentage of seed germination was recorded in complete darkness. Seeds of lavendula officinalis subjected to acid wash showed 12.5% germination in light. Similar studies have been observed in Atropa belladonna seeds treated with sulphuric acid (75%) followed by sodium hydroxide (30%) recorded seed germination.<\/p>\n

Best results (31.25%) were recorded in seeds treated with GA3<\/sub> (200ppm) in ordinary light and 12.5% of seed germination was recorded in GA3 <\/sub>seeds kept in complete darkness.<\/p>\n

During the present work the percentage of seed germination was more in the seeds kept in light as compared the seeds subjected to dark treatments. The relationship of seed size \/ seed germination with light requirements has also been observed in germination of hyptis suaveolens seeds by Felippe et al., (1983).<\/p>\n

During the study of seed germination of this plant it was also observed that the gibberlic treatment without pre-freezing significantly increased the percentage of seed germination as was observed by Aoyama et al., (1996) on lavender seeds.<\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Aknondzadeh, S., Kashani, L., Fotouchi, A., Jarvandi, S., et al., (2003). Progress in neurophyscopharmacology and biological psychiatry, 27(1):123-127.<\/li>\n
  2. Anonymous., (1962). The Wealth of India. Raw Materials, Vol. 6. A Dictionary of Indian Raw Materials, Industrial Product, CSIR, New Delhi India 45<\/li>\n
  3. Cavanaugh, H. M. A. and Wilkinson, J. M., (2002). Biological Activities of Lavender Essential Oil. School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia. Phytotherapy Research 16:301-308.<\/li>\n
  4. Felippe, GM, M Polo, VJM Cardosa and RCL Figeiredo-Ribeiro (1983), Germinacao da unidada de dispersao invasora hyptis Suaveolans. An sem Reg Ecol 3, 245-261.<\/li>\n
  5. Peana, A. T., Marzocco, S. Popolo A., Pinto, A., (2005). Linalool inhibits in vitro. No formation: Probable involvement in the antinociceptive activity of this monoterpene compound. Life Science (ahead of print).<\/li>\n
  6. Shawl, A. S., and Kumar T., (2003). Organic lavender \u2013 Versatile Industrial Crop.<\/li>\n
  7. National \u00a0\u00a0Seminar on Organic Products and their Future Prospects, October, 21-22 SKUAST<\/li>\n
  8. (K) Journal of Research, Srinagar J&K, India.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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