{"id":1480,"date":"2015-03-25T06:15:28","date_gmt":"2015-03-25T06:15:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/?p=1480"},"modified":"2020-04-25T11:09:03","modified_gmt":"2020-04-25T11:09:03","slug":"spore-calendar-of-bilaspur-city-with-special-reference-to-allergy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/vol3no1\/spore-calendar-of-bilaspur-city-with-special-reference-to-allergy\/","title":{"rendered":"Spore Calendar of Bilaspur City with Special Reference to Allergy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

A great variety of fields are represented under the umbrella of aerobiology, including plant, human and animal pathology, entomology, air pollution effects, palynology, phytogeography and meteorology .\u00a0 Aerobiology is the study of airborne biological material, chiefly pollens and spores and their transport on other ogranisms.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Microorganisms always present in the nature and they migrate through one place to another by air current. Fungus is the common microorganisms in our environment, and always present in form of spores. Airborne\u00a0 dusts containing fungal spores are associated with a range of respiratory\u00a0 diseases. The study of airborne fungal spores enables their occurrence to be related to the incidence of respiratory symptoms in exposed individuals. The particulate materials considered important in aerobiology include smokes and dusts, radio nuclides, pesticides and the biological forms, bacteria, fungi, fragments and spores of algae, protozoa and fern spores, pollen, plant fragments, minute seeds, insects and other micro fauna.<\/p>\n

Materials and Methods<\/strong><\/p>\n

During the present investigation gravity Petri plates methods was used for aeromycological survey of Bilaspur city . The survey conducted for one year March 2009 to Feb 2010 . Ten sterilized Petri plates containing PDA medium will expose for 5-10 minutes at different places of Bilaspur\u00a0 city at one meter height above the ground level. Then the Petri plates, brought into the laboratory and incubated at\u00a0 26\u00b110<\/sup>c. for seven days. At the end of the incubation period the percentage contribution and percentage frequency were assessed. <\/sup>At the end of incubation period the fungal colonies were counted, isolated and identified with the help of available literature. (Ellis, 1949 ;<\/strong> Barnett, 1969 ;<\/strong> Nagmani et<\/em> al<\/em>. 2006).<\/p>\n

Results and Discussion<\/strong><\/p>\n

During the investigation period total 1760 fungal colonies belonging to 21 species from 13 genera were observed. Out of which 444 fungal colonies in summer, 628 in rainy & 688 in winter season were observed (Fig.1). Percentage frequency and percentage contribution were also observed during investigation period. Cladosporium oxysporum<\/em> \u00a0showed the maximum percentage contribution of aero-mycoflora with the percentage of (14.09%), was followed by Alternaria alternata <\/em>(10%). Both Trichoderma<\/em> sp. (1.07%) and Bispora sp.<\/em>(1.25%) showed the minimum percentage co<\/em>ntribution of aero mycoflora\u00a0 were observed (Table-1) Out of total flora Aspergillus sp, Cladosporium sp., Curvularia sp<\/em> and Aspergillus niger <\/em>are allergenic in nature.<\/p>\n

. Aspergillus sp<\/em>. was observed throughout the study period similar result was also reported by Tiwari et<\/em> al<\/em>. (2006). Anamorphic fungi recorded as the most contributed fungal group throughout the study period similar result also recorded by (Jadhav and Tiwari 1994; <\/strong>Tiwari et<\/em> al<\/em>.\u00a0 2005).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\"Figure<\/td>\n\n

Figure 1<\/strong><\/p>\n

Click here to View figure<\/a><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Table1: % Contribution Of Fungal Flora<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Serial number <\/strong><\/td>\nFungal Species obtained<\/strong><\/td>\nPercentage contribution (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/p>\n

2<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

Alternaria alternata <\/em><\/p>\n

Aspergillus awamori<\/em><\/td>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 10.00<\/p>\n

1.42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

3<\/td>\nAspergillus flavus <\/em><\/td>\n3.52<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/p>\n

5<\/td>\n

A. fumigatus <\/em><\/p>\n

A.japonicus<\/em><\/td>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6.47<\/p>\n

1.98<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

6<\/td>\nA. nidulans<\/em><\/td>\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2.27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/td>\nA. niger<\/em><\/td>\n9.94<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/td>\nA. temari<\/em><\/td>\n2.55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/td>\nBispora sp.<\/em><\/td>\n1.25<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/td>\nCladosporium oxysporum<\/em><\/td>\n14.09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/p>\n

12<\/p>\n

13<\/p>\n

14<\/td>\n

Curvularia lunata.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0Curvularia clavata<\/em><\/p>\n

Drechslera sp.<\/em><\/p>\n

Fusarium sp.<\/em><\/td>\n

9.48<\/p>\n

6.07<\/p>\n

6.59<\/p>\n

5.56<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

15<\/td>\nMucor sp.<\/em><\/td>\n2.67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/p>\n

17<\/td>\n

Mycelia sterilia (white)<\/em><\/p>\n

Nigrospora sp.<\/em><\/td>\n

4.54<\/p>\n

1.53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

18<\/td>\nPenicillium crysogenum<\/em><\/td>\n4.26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/td>\nP. frequentaus<\/em><\/td>\n1.81<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 20<\/td>\nRhizopus sp.<\/em><\/td>\n2.84<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/td>\nTrichoderma viride<\/em><\/td>\n1.07<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

References <\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Barnett, H.K. Illustrated genera of imperfect fungi.\u201d Mins Burgss Pub. Co. Minneapolis, Minnesota. (1969)<\/li>\n
  2. Ellis, M.B.Damitiaceous Hyphomycetes. Common Wealth Mycological Institute, London. (1949)<\/li>\n
  3. Jadhav, S.K. and Tiwari, K.L. Aeromycoflora of Ravan Village. Indian Bot. Report.<\/em> 1<\/strong>(1<\/strong>&2<\/strong>) P: 33-36. (1994)<\/li>\n
  4. Nagamani, A., Kunwar, I.K. and Manoharachary, C. Handbook of Soil Fungi. I. K. International Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (India) (2006)<\/li>\n
  5. Tiwari, K.L., Jadhav, S.K. and Kunjam, S.R. Studies of aeromycoflora of Dairy area at Raipur (C.G.). Flora and Fauna<\/em>. 11(2) P: 195-196. (2005)<\/li>\n
  6. Verma K.S.,& George A.M Circadian periodicity studies of some fungi dominant in the atmosphere of Jabalpur. Ecol. <\/em>24:2:109-115. .(2002)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Introduction A great variety of fields are represented under the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1480","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vol3no1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1480","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1480"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1480\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33100,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1480\/revisions\/33100"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1480"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1480"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1480"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}