{"id":1466,"date":"2015-03-25T06:30:47","date_gmt":"2015-03-25T06:30:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/?p=1466"},"modified":"2017-01-09T11:33:20","modified_gmt":"2017-01-09T11:33:20","slug":"physico-chemcial-analysis-of-drinking-water-of-gandhi-nagar-area-of-bhopal-speical-reference-to-pollution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/vol3no1\/physico-chemcial-analysis-of-drinking-water-of-gandhi-nagar-area-of-bhopal-speical-reference-to-pollution\/","title":{"rendered":"Physico-Chemcial Analysis of Drinking Water of Gandhi Nagar Area of Bhopal Speical Reference to Pollution"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bhopal is the capital of Madhya Pradesh. Water samples of bore \u2013 wells water are collected in 2 \u2013 litre clean polythene jerry \u2013 cane after flushing the bore \u2013 wells to analyses. The procedure has adopted as prescribed by APHA (1985) NEERI (1986) Presterilized bottles are used to collect the<\/p>\n

D.O. & B.O.D samples. Temperature pH of water samples has measured at the sampling stations. In the present study temperature varied from 25- 28.50C. pH indicates the intensity of acidity. Electrical conductivity of water samples range form 220 \u2013 988 u mhos\/cm that measure the dissolved ions and has the capacity to carry on electrical charge of both cat ions and anions.<\/p>\n

summarized in Table \u2013 1 Nitrate concentration in ground water is due to leaching of nitrate with percolation of water. Nitrate in this study varies from 3.2-12.4 ppm is well within the permissible limits. Sulphate is an important constituent of hardness with ca and Mg. Excess amount of sulphate in water has Cathartic effect of human health Rangwala, KS and Rangwala PS (1927)5. Sulphate in this study ranges form 32.2-70.6 ppm. The findings are similar with Kataria (1996)2. (2000)3. Most of the parameters are found within the per missible limits as recommended WHO 1978)8.<\/p>\n

Hence water samples analyzed in the present study has found suitable for drinking purpose after proper required treatment .<\/p>\n

Free CO\u00a0ranges from 6.0 \u2013 32.8 ppm\u00a0Fluoride concentration in the present study\u00a0chloride, total alkalinity, Total hardness Ca-H and\u00a0is found lower value of 0.06 at SS\u00a0and higher 1.0\u00a0Mg \u2013 H are observed in the range of 18.2 \u2013 128.28,\u00a0at SS\u00a0the findings are similar to these of Kataria\u00a022.8 \u2013 364, 104.8 \u2013 384, and 72-312 and 24-72.4\u00a0ppm respectively at different sampling stations. Higher values of alkalinity are due to leaching of soil during natural filtration of water from sewage. D.O., B.O.D. and C.O.D. range from 1.14 \u2013 2.68,\u00a02.00 \u2013 3.20 and 20.8-78.8 ppm respectively as\u00a0et. al. (2008,2009) The value of 8 to 1.0mg\/L of F-has been recommended by WHO (1970) Fluoride is important content of water to teeth and other pathological changes and has assumed considerable importance to public water supply and resources.<\/p>\n

Table 1: Physico-chemical analysis of drinking water of Gandhi Nagar\u00a0<\/strong>Are<\/strong>a of Bhopal City 2008 \u2013 09<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mea<\/strong>n seasonal values (Winter, Summer & Monsoon)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Parameters<\/td>\nUnit<\/td>\nSS1<\/sub><\/td>\nSS2<\/sub><\/td>\nSS3<\/sub><\/td>\nSS4<\/sub><\/td>\nSS5<\/sub><\/td>\nSS6<\/sub><\/td>\nSS7<\/sub><\/td>\nSS8<\/sub><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temperature<\/td>\noC<\/td>\n24.3<\/td>\n26..0<\/td>\n27.2<\/td>\n27.2<\/td>\n27.1<\/td>\n26.5<\/td>\n24.9<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
pH<\/td>\n–<\/td>\n6.3<\/td>\n6.5<\/td>\n7.2<\/td>\n7<\/td>\n7.4<\/td>\n7.5<\/td>\n7.7<\/td>\n7.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
EC<\/td>\nUmhos\/cum<\/td>\n322<\/td>\n236<\/td>\n388<\/td>\n258<\/td>\n680<\/td>\n488<\/td>\n564<\/td>\n968<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FreeCO<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n6.4<\/td>\n11.6<\/td>\n32.4<\/td>\n7.8<\/td>\n20.6<\/td>\n20.4<\/td>\n23.2<\/td>\n32.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chloride<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n18.2<\/td>\n70.4<\/td>\n39.8<\/td>\n65<\/td>\n128.12<\/td>\n112.8<\/td>\n120.8<\/td>\n136.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Total alkalinity<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n104.92<\/td>\n132<\/td>\n148<\/td>\n102.8<\/td>\n288<\/td>\n295<\/td>\n376<\/td>\n288<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Total hardness<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n104.9<\/td>\n132<\/td>\n148<\/td>\n102.8<\/td>\n288.2<\/td>\n294<\/td>\n372<\/td>\n386.4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ca-H<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n72.1<\/td>\n88<\/td>\n108<\/td>\n72.8<\/td>\n246.2<\/td>\n254<\/td>\n280<\/td>\n314.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Mg \u2013 H<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n32.8<\/td>\n44<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n30<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n112<\/td>\n72.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
D.O.<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n1.16<\/td>\n1.42<\/td>\n2.28<\/td>\n1.62<\/td>\n2.54<\/td>\n1.82<\/td>\n2.44<\/td>\n2.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B.O.D.<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n2.04<\/td>\n3.64<\/td>\n2.24<\/td>\n12.4<\/td>\n1.94<\/td>\n3.74<\/td>\n3.4<\/td>\n3.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
C.O.D<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n20.92<\/td>\n25.8<\/td>\n12.8<\/td>\n78.4<\/td>\n36<\/td>\n25.92<\/td>\n69.8<\/td>\n82.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nitrate<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n3.24<\/td>\n7.8<\/td>\n3.6<\/td>\n16.8<\/td>\n13.6<\/td>\n15.4<\/td>\n10.4<\/td>\n16.8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sulphate<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n34.4<\/td>\n36.4<\/td>\n46.8<\/td>\n50.4<\/td>\n54<\/td>\n64<\/td>\n70.4<\/td>\n90.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fluoride<\/td>\nppm<\/td>\n0.06<\/td>\n0.08<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n0.7<\/td>\n0.9<\/td>\n1<\/td>\n0.8<\/td>\n0.6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

SS1 = Near Asharam Bapu Ashram\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SS2 = Pratap ward<\/p>\n

SS3 = Arjun Ward\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SS4 = Tagore Ward<\/p>\n

SS5 = Pardi Mohalla\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SS6 = Sagar Instt. of Tech.<\/p>\n

SS7 = Exotica Residency\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 SS8 = Jatkhedi.<\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Standard methods for the examnatin of water and waste water APHA, 13th Ed. New York (1985).<\/li>\n
  2. Kataria, C.Gupta S.S. and Jain, O.P. Poll Res, 14(4): 455-562 (1996).<\/li>\n
  3. Kataria, C. Preliminary study of drinking water of Pipariya township, Poll, Res, 19(4): 645-649 (2000).<\/li>\n
  4. C. Kataria, et al., Bio chemical Evaluation of Ground water of Karond area of Bhopal India, Asian J. of Chemistry 17(4): 2815-2817 (2005).<\/li>\n
  5. C. Kataria and Shahla Bux. (2008) : Hydro chemical analysis of groundwater of BHEL area of Bhopal city, IJEP 29(5): 705-709.<\/li>\n
  6. C. Kataria Et. Al (2009) : Study of fluoride content in groundwater and surface water of Bhopal city, IJEP 29(8): 461-464.<\/li>\n
  7. NEERI : Manual on water and waster water analysis, national environmental Research Institute, Nagpur 340 (1986).<\/li>\n
  8. Rangwala, S. and Rangwala P.S., water supply and sanitary, engineering character Pub. House Anand (Vely), India, 12th Ed. 43,44 (1927).<\/li>\n
  9. Yogesh singh and C. Kataria, Studies on water quality of Kaliyasot Dam, M.P. India, Curr. world environ. 3(1): 147-152 (2008).<\/li>\n
  10. Who, Environmental health Criteria, 5, Genewa (1978).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Introduction Bhopal is the capital of Madhya Pradesh. Water samples […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1466","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vol3no1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1466"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1466\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13268,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1466\/revisions\/13268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1466"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1466"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}