{"id":13983,"date":"2017-03-25T11:50:05","date_gmt":"2017-03-25T11:50:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/?p=13983"},"modified":"2020-04-23T09:20:13","modified_gmt":"2020-04-23T09:20:13","slug":"bioactivity-of-formerly-synthesized-imino-phenol-ligand-and-its-organometallic-complexes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/vol10no1\/bioactivity-of-formerly-synthesized-imino-phenol-ligand-and-its-organometallic-complexes\/","title":{"rendered":"Bioactivity of Formerly Synthesized Imino Phenol Ligand and its Organometallic Complexes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cyclic compounds and theirderivatives possess remarkable capacity for coordination withtransition metals giving rise to coordination compounds with variable structural geometry, presently, there is a rising attention in the ligand chemistry of structurally modified bio-ligands. Organometallic complexes with possible biological activity are the spotlight of wide investigations[1-3]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

A formerly synthesized 2-{(E)-[2-hydroxyphenyl)imino] methyl}phenol [LF] was prepared\u00a0 according to the below equation [4]<\/sup>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Scheme<\/td>\nScheme 1: Synthesis equation of the 2-{(E)-[2 hydroxyphenyl)imino] methyl}phenol<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to View Scheme<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Cu(II), Co(II), \u00a0and Rh(III) metal complexes were prepared and characterized with the ligand (LF<\/sub>) using IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, metal investigation spectrophotometer,\u00a0 magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements[5-9]<\/sup>. Scheme 2 shows the predictable geometry of the organometallic complexes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Scheme<\/td>\nScheme 2: Predictable arrangements of the synthesized complexes\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to View Scheme<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Specifically, ligands composed of salicyaldehydes are very hopeful in the exploration of new efficient materials. They shows a diversity of biological activities [10]<\/sup> as well as show important photochromism where light absorption lead to interconversion between enol- imine and keto-amine tautomers via intramolecular hydrogen transfer [6]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

As part of our efforts in this study is to inspect the antimicrobial action of ligand and its organometallic complexes towards Escherichia coli (EC),Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Candida\u00a0 albicans (CA), Acintobacterbaumani (AB), Enterobacter spp.(ES), Pseudo fluresence (PF). The complexes shows diverse action reliant to the concentration and the cellular type, cobalt complex demonstrate extra activity toward CA, ES. PF and SA, while rhodium metal complex exhibit more activity against EC only.<\/p>\n

Materials and Methods\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Dilution for the chemical compounds (ligands) <\/strong><\/p>\n

From Stock solution of Schiff organic ligand in concentration 0.1M, make the dilution of concentration 0.01M by using the dilution rule (M1<\/sub>V1 =<\/sub> M2<\/sub>V2<\/sub>), and use DMSO as a solvent or dilute for the stock solution<\/p>\n

Test organisms<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tested bacterial and fungal were isolated from diverse scientific specimens, samples were isolated and identify according to typical laboratory methods [11]<\/sup>. Isolated bacteria include: Escherichiacoli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Acintobacterb-aumani, Enterobacter spp., Pseudo fluresence.<\/p>\n

Bacterial and fungal Media (Agar Media)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Muller Hinton Agar set according to manufacturer’s regulations which involved dissolving 38 grams in one liter of de-ionized water with boiling, it was sterilized by autoclave at 15 lb pressure for 15 minutes. \u00a0, then left to cool at 45- 50\u00b0<\/sup>C, poured and left to harden then put them in incubator at 37\u00b0C for 24 hours then kept in fridge till being used.<\/p>\n

Antimicrobial Screening (in Vitro)<\/strong><\/p>\n

The antimicrobial activity of the ligand compounds LF<\/sub>, RhLF<\/sub>, CuLF<\/sub>, COLF<\/sub> and DMSO were measured by well diffusion technique [12, 13]<\/sup>. The prepared culture plates were immunized with different selected strains of bacteria and fungi using dispersal method. Wells were made on the agar surface with 6 mm cork borer. The location of the wells for each extract was marked at the external walls of plates before addition of chemical complexes and DMSO.\u00a0 The agents were discharged into the well. Each well was filled with 100\u00b5l with corresponding agents with the assistance of a micropipette. The plates were incubated at37\u00b12\u00b0C for 24 hours for bacterial and 25\u00b12\u00b0C for 48 hours for fungal action. The plates were observed for the zone clearances around the wells.The resulting zones of inhibition were uniformly circular. The widths of the zones of complete inhibition were measured, with the diameter of the disc. Regions are measured to the nearest whole millimeter, using sliding calipers or a ruler, which is held on the back of the reversed petri plate.<\/p>\n

Results and Discussion <\/strong><\/p>\n

The main purpose of the production and preparation of any antimicrobial complex is to prevent the causal microbe without any side effects on the patients. Furthermore, it is well-intentioned to stress here on the basic idea of applying any chemotherapeutic agent which hinge on basically on the specific control of only one biological function and not multiple ones. The antibacterial activity of the parental ligand and its metal complexes against Escherichia coli (EC),Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Candida\u00a0 albicans (CA), Acintobacterbaumani (AB), Enterobacter spp.(ES), Pseudo fluresence (PF) [14]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Two concentrations were used to the bioactivity test 0.01 and 0.1. The data that was collected are recorded in Table 1 and Table 2 sequentially.<\/p>\n

Table 1: Antimicrobial\u00a0 activity of Ligand;\u00a0 and its metal complexes in concentration 0.1M<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Inhibition zone diameter (mm)<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agents<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Staphylococcus aurous<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pseudo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fluresence<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enterobacter sp.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

E.Coli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Candida albicans<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Acintobacterbaumani<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nDMSO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35.9 \u00b1 0.99<\/td>\n32.8 \u00b1 2.15<\/td>\n36.0 \u00b1 1.41<\/td>\n39.0 \u00b1 0.82<\/td>\n30.5 \u00b1 0.71<\/td>\n25.4 \u00b1 1.07<\/td>\nLF<\/sub> (0.1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22.5 \u00b1 0.70<\/td>\n33.0 \u00b1 1.57<\/td>\n28.0 \u00b1 1.25<\/td>\n37.7 \u00b1 0.95<\/td>\n24.9 \u00b1 0.74<\/td>\n16.3 \u00b1 0.95<\/td>\nRhLF<\/sub>(0.1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13.0 \u00b1 0.66<\/td>\n13.2 \u00b1 1.03<\/td>\n18.0 \u00b1 1.15<\/td>\n20.6 \u00b1 0.70<\/td>\n15.7\u00a0 \u00b1 0.95<\/td>\n7.2 \u00b1 0.79<\/td>\nCuLF<\/sub>(0.1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37.6 \u00b1 1.17<\/td>\n35.5 \u00b1 1.57<\/td>\n34.0 \u00b1 1.42<\/td>\n30.0 \u00b1 0.82<\/td>\n33.9 \u00b1 0.74<\/td>\n24.9 \u00b1 0.99<\/td>\nCOLF<\/sub>(0.1)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Weak – < 10 mm in diameter, Moderately active \u2013 10 \u2013 15 mm in diameter,Strongly active – >15 mm in diameter<\/p>\n

Table 2: Antimicrobial activity of Ligand; and its metal complexes in concentration 0.01M<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Inhibition zone diameter (mm)<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agents<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Staphylococcus aurous<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pseudo<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fluresence<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Enterobacter sp.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

E.Coli<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Candida albicans<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Acintobacterbaumani<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mean\u00b1SD<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n0<\/td>\nDMSO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28.0 \u00b1 0.66<\/td>\n24.8 \u00b1 1.32<\/td>\n22.7 \u00b1 0.95<\/td>\n34.2 \u00b1 0.79<\/td>\n27.6 \u00b1 0.83<\/td>\n23.9 \u00b1 0 74<\/td>\nLF<\/sub> (0.01)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15.4 \u00b1 0.84<\/td>\n18.2 \u00b1 1.03<\/td>\n18.5 \u00b1 0.85<\/td>\n25.0 \u00b1 0.82<\/td>\n20.8 \u00b1 0.79<\/td>\n14.8 \u00b1 0.79<\/td>\nRhLF<\/sub>(0.01)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11.3 \u00b1 0.94<\/td>\n12.4 \u00b1 1.07<\/td>\n14.7 \u00b1 0.67<\/td>\n19.5 \u00b1 1.08<\/td>\n12.3 \u00b1 0.48<\/td>\n7.3 \u00b1 0.48<\/td>\nCuLF<\/sub>(0.01)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17.6 \u00b1 1.3<\/td>\n12.5 \u00b1 1 08<\/td>\n20.4 \u00b1 1.07<\/td>\n25.1\u00b1 0.74<\/td>\n22.6 \u00b1 0.84<\/td>\n10.7 \u00b1 0.82<\/td>\nCOLF<\/sub>(0.01)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Weak – < 10 mm in diameter, Moderately active \u2013 10 \u2013 15 mm in diameter,Strongly active – >15 mm in diameter<\/p>\n

As it appears clearly from the tables above using concentration of 0.1 M is more active against 0.01 M concentration. COLF<\/sub> is the strongest compound against AB, CA,EC, \u00a0ES, PF and SA while RHLF shows more activity against EC only.<\/p>\n

Figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 shows the inhibition zones of the DMSO and the complexes using the 0.1 M concentration on different microbs cell lines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 1: Inhibition zone diameter of ligand; and its metal\u00a0 <\/strong>complexes in concentration 0.1 for Staphylococcus \u00a0<\/strong>aurous bacteria<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to View figure<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 2: Inhibition zone diameter of ligand; and its metal <\/strong>complexes in concentration 0.1 for\u00a0<\/strong>Acintobacterbaumani bacteria<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to View figure\u00a0<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 3: Inhibition zone diameter of ligand; and its metal <\/strong>complexes in concentration 0.1 for Pseudo\u00a0<\/strong>Fluresence bacteria<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to View figure\u00a0<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 4:\u00a0 Inhibition zone diameter of ligand; and its\u00a0<\/strong>metal complexes in concentration 0.1 for\u00a0<\/strong>Enterobacter spp.\u00a0 Bacteria<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to View figure\u00a0<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 5:\u00a0 Inhibition zone diameter of ligand; and its <\/strong>metal complexes in concentration 0.1 <\/strong>for Candida Albicans<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to View figure\u00a0<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Figure<\/td>\nFigure 6:\u00a0 Inhibition zone diameter of ligand and its <\/strong>metal complexes in concentration 0.1 <\/strong>for E.Coli bacteria<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Click here to View figure\u00a0<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bioactivity was measured to the formerly prepared coordination compounds LF<\/sub>, CoLF<\/sub>, CuLF<\/sub> and RhLF<\/sub>, against Escherichia coli (EC),Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Candida\u00a0 albicans (CA), Acintobacterbaumani (AB), Enterobacter spp.(ES), Pseudo fluresence (PF), the research conluded to the following points:<\/p>\n

The concentration of 0.1 M is shows extra activity in 0.01M concentration.<\/p>\n

CoLF<\/sub> shows additional activity than other complexes.<\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    Introduction Cyclic compounds and theirderivatives possess remarkable capacity for coordination […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[46],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-vol10no1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13983"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13983\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32291,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13983\/revisions\/32291"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/biomedpharmajournal.org\/staging\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}