The Effect of Keluwih (Artocarpus camansi) Leaves Extract On Pro-Inflammatory Expression, Growth Factors and Bodies in Zebrafish Larvae (Danio rerio) Stunting Model
Marisca Evalina Gondokesumo1*
and Faisal Akhmal Muslikh2,31Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, Indonesia. Jl. Raya Kali Rungkut (Tenggilis), Surabaya, 60293, Indonesia
2Faculty of Pharmacy, Bhakti Wiyata Health Sciences Institute, Kediri, Indonesia. Jl. KH Wachid Hasyim No.65, Kediri 64114, East Java, Indonesia
3The Indonesian Society for Bioinformatics and Biodiversity (ISBB). Jl. Raya Arjuna Utara No. 9, Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta 11510, Indonesia.
Corresponding Author E-mail: marisca@staff.ubaya.ac.id
Abstract: Stunting is a chronic nutritional problem that occurs during the first 1000 days of life which is considered a golden window of opportunity. Indonesia has the highest prevalence compared to other middle-income countries. Keluwih (Artocarpus camansi) is known to have various compounds that are beneficial for the body such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. This study was conducted to determine the potential of the ethanol extract of Keluwih leaves (Artocarpus camansi) zebrafish stunting model against inflammatory markers, growth factors and body size. Artocarpus camansi leaves were extracted using the maceration method for 3x24 hours with 96% ethanol solvent. Zebrafish larvae were obtained from male and female broodstock (2:1), then induced using rotenone and ethanol extract of Artocarpus camansi leaves, then immunohistochemical staining was performed using growh factor (VEGF and TGF-β), inflammation (IL-6 and TNF-α) and body length measurements on day 9 dpf. The results showed that rotenone can provide a picture of stunting in zebrafish larvae from observations of growth factors, inflammation and body length, by administering ethanol extract of Artocarpus camansi leaves this can improve stunting conditions due to administration of rotenone, the concentration of ethanol extract of Artocarpus camansi leaves 2.5 ppm is the optimal concentration in improve stunting conditions. The ethanol extract of Artocarpus camansi leaves can improve stunting conditions by increasing the expression of growth factors, decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving body length in zebrafish larvae.
Keywords: Artocarpus camansi; Stunting, Growth factors; Malnutrition; pro-inflammatory cytokines Back to TOC