Cardio-Metabolic Indices in Relation to Serum Vitamin D Levels among Middle-Aged Adults

Sumit Kumar¹, Adithi K², Supriya PS³ and Shailaja  S Moodithaya^4*

¹Department of Physiology, KVG Medical College and Hospital (Affiliated to RGUHS), Sullia, Karnataka, India.

²Department of  General Medicine, K.S Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

³Department of General Medicine, Father Muller's Medical College. Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

⁴Department of Physiology, K.S Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Corresponding Author E-mail: Shailaja.moodithaya@nitte.edu.in

Abstract: A plethora of research showed that vitamin D deficiency is one of the most prevalent dietary inadequacies in India. The condition is addressed as hypovitaminosis-D and often intervenes with the occurrence of diseases like cardio-metabolic disease. Though several epidemiological studies have supported this fact, there is an insufficiency of rational data to support the fact. Hence the current study investigates the relationship between vitamin D levels and markers of cardio-metabolic diseases among middle-aged adults. This study recruited  100 healthy middle-aged adults, and the participants underwent evaluation of their anthropometric measurements, Heart Rate Variability (HRV), and serum vitamin D levels. Analysis was done by taking consideration of total power (TP), absolute, and normalized power of high-frequency (HF), and low-frequency (LF) power spectrum including their ratio (LF/HF) as HRV indices. Data analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test.  Data analysis showed a negative correlation between vitamin D and anthropometric measurements and a positive correlation with cardiac sympathovagal balance as determined by waist circumference and LF/HF ratio. However, there was no discernible correlation between vitamin D levels and the BMI, fat percentage, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), absolute power spectrum of HRV. The results of this study conclude that serum vitamin D levels affect central obesity and cardiac sympathovagal balance, indicating low levels of serum vitamin D might contribute higher risk for cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords: Fat percentage; Heart rate variability; Vitamin D; Waist-hip ratio

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