Chemical and Biological Profiling of Three Ferulic Acids Alkyl Esters Isolated from Jatropha pandurifolia (Family: Euphorbiaceae) Stem Bark.

Nisrat Jahan^{1, 2}, Khozirah Shaari³, Sk Nazrul Islam⁴, ATM Zafrul Azam¹ Fatema-Tuz-Zohora^5* and Monira Ahsan¹

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.

²Department of Pharmacy, southeast University, 251/A and 252, Tejgaon Industrial Area, Dhaka - 1208, Bangladesh.

³Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

⁴Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.

⁵Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A, Green Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.

Corresponding Author E-mail: fatema.zohora41@gmail.com

Abstract: The study's objectives include phytochemical profiling and biological (antioxidant, thrombolytic and cytotoxic) analysis of pure chemicals from Jatropha pandurifolia stem bark ethyl acetate extract. Five different compounds including octacosanyl cis ferulate (1), hexacosyl (E)-ferulate (2) triacontyl ferulate (3), β-sitosterol (4) and stigmasterol (5) are elucidated. Their structures determine through ¹HNMR analysis and comparison to published data, while three ferulic acid alkyl esters (1-3) were isolated for the first time from J. pandurifolia. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 all have significant thrombolytic potential with respective values of 68.92% ±1.17 (**P<0.01), 66.56% ±2.35 (**P<0.01) and 70.81%±0.98 (**P<0.01) with comparison to standard streptokinase (73.6%±0.76). When compared to BHT (6.82± 0.99 μg/ml) the IC₅₀ (DPPH assay) values were 16.26±1.07 (**P<0.01), 14.12±1.23 (**P<0.01), and 13.16±1.70 μg/ml (**P<0.01). Comparing the three compounds to the reference vincristine sulphate (LC₅₀: 0.52±0.18 μg/ml), of compound 1 (1.56±0.35 μg/ml) (**P<0.01), compound 2 (1.3±0.78 μg/ml) (**P<0.01) and compound 3 (1.29±0.33 μg/ml) (**P<0.01). The results can therefore be interpreted as a concept of isolated molecules having potential for application in additional pharmaceutical research.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Cytotoxic Activity; Hexacosyl (E)-Ferulate; Jatropha Pandurifolia; Octacosanyl Cis Ferulate; Triacontyl Ferulate; Thrombolytic

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