MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α Levels in Relation to Sub types of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Rania A. Hamed1
, Heba A. Elmalt2 , Abeer A. A. Salama3 , Safaa M. Hammouda1 , Eman R. Youness2* , Naglaa A. Abd-Allah4 , Fatma A. AlZaree5 , Sarah Y. Abozaid6 and Hala S. Ashour71Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
2Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
3Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
4Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
5Child Health, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.
6Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
7Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Mansoura University, Mansoura , Egypt.
Corresponding Author E-mail: : hoctober2000@yahoo.com
Abstract: Many authors have suggested the association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and inflammation through various mechanisms among which increased serum cytokines.30 newly diagnosed ADHD children, aged 6-12and of both sexes were collected from outpatient clinic, Psychiatry Department, Al Zahraa University Hospital and a matched control group of 30 children. They were subjected to Clinical assessment, Whechsler Intelligence Scale for children (WISC), Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised & serum MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α levels were determined. There was statistical significant difference between patient and control groups regarding MMP-2 level (648.50 ± 81.94 vs 344.13 ± 32.02), MMP-9 level (143.00±16.98 vs 102.90 ± 4.13) & TNF-α level (345 ± 7.1.vs 202 ± 22.3). Hyperactive/impulsive subtype represented 16(53.3%), Inattentive subtype represented 6(20%), Combined subtype represented 8(26.7%) of the ADHD group. MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α levels were all higher among the Hyperactive/impulsive subtype, followed by thecombined subtype then the Inattentive subtype with high statistical significant difference. A high statistical significant difference was found in all subscales of Conners' scale among the 3 subtypes of ADHD. A positive correlation was found between TNF-α level and age, whereas, a negative correlation exists between MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α level and IQ. In addition, correlation was found between MMP-2, MMP-9 levels and cognitive problems, TNF-α level and inattention.Our study illustrates the co-occurrence of inflammatory process and ADHD, but further studies on larger sample are needed.
Keywords: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; MMP-2; MMP-9; TNF-α Back to TOC