Utilization of High Level of Interleukin-10 in Tears as A Biomarker for Dry Eye Disease Detection in Computer Users
Ariesanti Tri Handayani1*, NLMN Ratnasari1, Nurwasis2, N K Niti Susila1 and I Putu Gede Adiatmika31Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
2Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, Airlangga University, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
3Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Corresponding Author E-mail: dr.ariesanti@gmail.com
Abstract: Introduction: Dry Eye Disease (DED) can cause damage to the ocular surface, cornea, visual disturbances, and blindness. The causes of DED are multifactorial such as Video Display Terminals (VDT) activity with computers and electronic telecommunications equipment. The use of VDT for a long-time result in tears hyperosmolarity which directly affects the eye surface epithelium. This leads to an increase of inflammatory mediators, including interleukin-10 (IL-10), Interleukin-17, and other Cytokines. Aims: This study aims to prove that computer users for 4-hours/day with high IL-10 levels have a higher risk of DED than normal subject. Method: Tear samples were collected from 46 volunteers which taken from Schirmer I examination, giving questionnaire to the subjects, and Tears Break Up Time (TBUT). The subjects then divided into case and control groups and levels of IL-10 were examined by ELISA test to detect Interleukin levels in tears. Result: This study showed from all samples, 25 volunteers are DE and 21 healthy subjects with equal proportions between male and female. Chi-square analysis found the level of IL-10 were significantly increased in tears of DE patients. It showed that patients with high level of IL-10 has 4.3 times higher risk to get DED than patients in normal level of IL-10. The mean of TBUT test were significantly lower in DE patients. The mean of TBUT in case group was < 10 mm while in control group was > 10 mm, meanwhile the OSDI value were higher in case group than in the control group. Conclusion: The high levels of IL-10 in tears found as the risk factor of DED. It can become a potential biomarker for DED detection in computer users 4 hours/ day. It proves that inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 have important roles in the immunopathogenesis of the DED.
Keywords: Computer Users; Dry Eye Disease; IL-10 Back to TOC