Bone Marrow Aspiration and Bone Marrow Biopsy in Hematological Disorders
Shweta Joshi1, Jyotsna Wader2 and Sujatha Kanethkar11Pathology Department, BKL Walawalkar rural medical college, District-Ratnagiri, State-Maharashtra, India
2Pathology Department, Prakash Institute of Medical Science and Research, District Sangli, State-Maharashtra, India
Corresponding Author E-mail: kimssubmission1@gmail.com
Abstract: Background: Bone marrow aspiration is a key laboratory method for investigating hematological disorders, which often fails in detecting a few disorders. This study was aimed at evaluating the application of aspiration and biopsy techniques simultaneously with bone marrow examination for accurate marrow evaluation. Methodology: This study was performed for a period of 2 years on 109 patients who were referred for marrow examination at a tertiary care hospital in Karad, Maharashtra. Simultaneous estimation of bone marrow aspiration (BMA) and bone marrow biopsy (BMB) was done on patients directly referred to the hospital. Following aspiration and biopsy analysis, the disease was diagnosed and descriptive statistics were recorded. The diagnostic concordance was analyzed by R software. Results: Of the 109 cases, 11 cases were inconclusive and excluded from the study. The mean age of the cases was 50.3 years and a slight male preponderance was observed (Male: Female=1.27:1). Lymphoma staging (40.81%) was the most common indication for marrow examination. In 52 patients, both BMA and BMB were performed simultaneously. High concordance (93.93%) was observed between the techniques and was significant (P<0.05). Due to dry tap and inadequate biopsy sample, cases were diagnosed using BMA alone (10 cases) and BMB alone (9 cases). In this study, lymphoproliferative disorder was observed in majority of the cases (47.95%) followed by acute leukemia (15.30%) and multiple myeloma (14.31%). Only one case of drug-induced thrombocytopenia was observed, which was due to methotrexate usage. Conclusion: Study results suggested that performing both the techniques simultaneously was beneficial during disease diagnosis as some cases might be inadequate for either BMA or BMB.
Keywords: Dry Tap; Lymphoma; Multiple Myeloma; Marrow Examination Back to TOC