Evaluation of the Antipyretic and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Aqueous Fruit Pulp Extract of Terminalia bellirica

Poovizhi Bharathi R¹, Manohar V R², Mohandas Rai²  and Athiyamaan M S^3*

¹Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India

²Department of Pharmacology, A.J. Institute of Medical Sciences Mangaluru, Karnataka India.

³Department of Radiation Oncology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India

Corresponding Author E-mail: athiyamaan.ms@manipal.edu

Abstract: Many fatal diseases have inflammation and fever as clinical symptoms. NSAIDs are the drug of choice for both of these symptoms. But they cause numerous adverse drug reactions including the gastrointestinal, renal and cardiovascular systems. Herbal medicines are known for their efficacy and lack of adverse reactions. So the search for herbal remedies is always on. Terminalia bellirica fruit pulp is used to alleviate a lot of health conditions. Hence this study looked at the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous extract of Terminalia bellirica fruit pulp in rodents. The carrageenan-induced paw edema model was utilized to test the plant's acute and subacute anti-inflammatory properties. Baker's yeast-induced pyrexia model was utilized to assess the plant's antipyretic activity. Three different groups were administered the extraction (9 mg/kg, 18 mg/kg, and 36 mg/kg). Positive control and negative control for the anti-inflammatory model were Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) and Gum acacia suspension (3 ml/kg of 1 percent) respectively. Positive control and negative control for the anti-pyretic model were Paracetamol 100 mg/kg and 10 ml/kg of 1 percent Gum acacia suspension, respectively. 18 and 36 mg/kg dose of extraction showed substantial minimization of edema (P≤0.01) in tests of acute anti-inflammatory action. 36 mg/kg dose showed substantial minimization of edema in tests of subacute anti-inflammatory action (P≤0.01). The rectal temperature decreased significantly (P≤0.0001) in all experimental groups in Baker's yeast-induced pyrexia tests. Results revealed that the test drug has considerable action against inflammation and pyrexia in rodents.

Keywords: Anti-inflammation; Baker’s yeast; Carrageenan; mice;  pyrexia; rats

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