Ameliorative Effect of Turmeric and Cocoa Extract against Acute Second hand Exposure of Tobacco Smoking on Hepatocytes and Enterocytes in Albino Rats: Ultrastructural Study
Alia Khwaldeh1
, Ziad Shraideh2, Darwish Badran3, Ahmed Alzbeede4, Mohammad Farajallah2 , Duaa AlQattan5, Safa Mashaqba 6 and Moath Alqaraleh7*1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jadara University, Irbid, Jordan.
2Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
3Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
4Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan region, Iraq.
5Department of Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
6Royal Medical Services, Zarqa., Jordan.
7Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
Corresponding Author E-mail: m.alqaraleh@ammanu.edu.jo
Abstract:
Background and aims: Smoking posse’s serious health problems because there is no specific substance alleviate its toxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effective plant extract containing antioxidants(turmeric and cocoa), that may reduce the cytotoxicity induced by secondhand exposure of cigarettes and waterpipe smoking.
Material and Methods: Seventy-two adult male albino rats were equally divided into 9 group (n=8 per group). Extracts were delivered to each group intraperitoneal, and the exposure to cigarette and waterpipe smoking was performed using a smoking machine for a period of 30 days. After the exposure period, tissues of interest (liver and small intestine) were removed and processed for transmission electron microscopy.
Results: Oral treatment of turmeric and cocoa extract with smoking exposure showed less vacuolization and better cellular architecture with regular nuclear envelope of hepatocytes, reduce or absence of blebbing, retain the normal shape and size of mitochondria, increase the proportion of euchromatic chromatin in nuclei,but turmeric extract showed better enhancement in term of reducing vacuolization. turmeric or cocoa crude extract preserve the typical length of microvilli with a uniform organization from the apical part of enterocytes and decreased vacuolization in the cytosol of enterocytes. However, mitochondria appeared less polymorphic in shapes with distinct cristae and matrix in enterocytes of the turmeric treated group than the cocoa once.
Conclusion: Tobacco smoking-induced adverse effects on hepatocytes and enterocytes, this study showed that treatment with turmeric and cocoa attenuatethe toxicity of tobacco smoking.
Keywords: Antioxidant; Histopathology; Microscopy; TEM; Tobacco smoking Back to TOC