Anti-Obesity Properties of Calocybe Indica in Zebra fishes with Short-Term High-Fat Diet Induction
Anushree Nagaraj, Sarah Andrea Wilson
and Lalitha Vaidyanathan*Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institue of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai- 600116, India.
Corresponding Author Email: lalithav@sriramchandra.edu.in
Abstract: Obesity, a disease involved with complex health problems, is indicated by increased BMI, triglyceride and cholesterol levels. Obese individuals are found to be highly susceptible to develop non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,cardiovascular diseases, and also type 2 diabetes mellitus. Synthetic drugs used for treating obesity have been found to be associated with side effects such as anxiety,sleeplessness,hypertension, and drug addiction. Research on natural productspossessing therapeutic biological activitieshasdiscoveredtheir potential to minimize or even completely eliminate such side effects. Medicinal properties ofCalocybe indica include antidiabetic, hypertensive, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects; however, its anti-obesity activity is obscure.In this study, the anti-obesity effects of Calocybe indicawere investigated using a diet-induced obese Zebrafish modeland compared with standard drug Atorvastatin.Results show that 200µg of C. indica was able to effectively bring down triglyceride levels (12.5± 0 mg/ml; normal control 12.7 ± 0.7 mg/ml), cholesterol (210± 15.9 mg; normal control =70.4± 0)and HMG COA Reductase levels (0.9± 0.03; normal = 1.2 ± 0.01). Excessive fat accumulation in the liver (steatohepatitis) reduced after treatment with C. indica to a greater extent than by treatment with standard drug Atorvastatin. 100 µg of C. indica was found to be optimum in decreasing the levels of the liver enzymes, AST (177.1±5.7 IU/L; normal control =177.7±43.02 IU/l), ALT (365.5±2.9 IU/L; normal control= 355.5±34.4 IU/l), and ALP (2.3±1.1μmoles of phenol liberated/mg of protein/min; normal control = 0.7±1.2 μmoles of phenol liberated/mg of protein/min).Whole-body Oil Red O staining of the zebrafishes showed that with increasing concentration of C. indica, the accumulation of triglycerides and lipids decreased.
Keywords: ALP- Alkaline Phosphatase; ALT- Alanine Transaminase; AST- Aspartate Transaminase; BMI- Body Mass Index; CVD- Cardiovascular Diseases; DIO- Diet-Induced Obesity; HFD- High Fat Diet; HMG COA- Hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A; NAFLD- Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases; NASH- Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis; NFD- Normal Fat Diet; T2DM- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Back to TOC