Pharmacotherapy of COVID-19: A Perspective of Pathogenicity and Life Cycle
Shashank M Patil1, Chandana Kumari V B1, Prithvi S Shirahatti2, Sujay S1, Tejaswini M1, Lakshmi Ranganatha V3, Mallikarjunaswamy C4, Jayanthi M K5 and Ramith Ramu1

1Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER) Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India

2Department of Biotechnology, Teresian College, Siddhartha Nagara, Mysuru - 570 011, India

3Department of Chemistry, The National Institute of Engineering, Manandavadi Road, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570008, India

4Department of Chemistry, JSS College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Ooty Road, Mysuru - 5700025, Karnataka, India

5Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER) Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India

Corresponding Author E-mail: ramithramu@jssuni.edu.in

Abstract: The world has witnessed COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 as one of the most hazardous viral outbreak in the history of mankind. Since its emergence in December 2019, it has been affecting the global health with no reported pharmacotherapeutic agent that can neutralize its substantial pathogenicity and escalation around the world. This is attributed to its remarkable molecular pathways followed in course of its life cycle, which is completed in and around the host cell. With the usage of these evolved mechanisms, the virus can effectively invade and replicate in the host cell. The complete analysis of life cycle has resulted in reporting of some molecular targets, which can be neutralised with the usage of pharmacotherapeutic agents. These agents tend to bind to their targets to inactivate them. This review focusses on those targets as well as the potent drugs that currently have been employed to reduce the viral load, in the perspective of its life cycle and pathogenicity. Alongside the drugs that are currently being used, we also report potent drugs that are yet to clear the clinical investigation.

Keywords: COVID-19; Life Cycle; Molecular Targets; Pathogenicity; Pharmacotherapeutics; SARS-CoV-2

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