Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Fields Affected the Hepatocytes in the White Leghorn Chicken Embryo: An Ultra-Structural Study
NA Siddiqi1*, Azeem Shalaby2, Mohammad Al Kindi2 and Fatima Al Ghafri21Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, national University of Science and Technology, Sohar, Oman,
2Department of Pathology, Electron Microscope Laboratory, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Corresponding Author E-mail :najam@omc.edu.om
Abstract: This study was designed to measure the adverse effects of electromagnetic waves on the hepatocytes in vivo. For this purpose, a developing chick embryo model was selected. 40 fertilized chick eggs were used. An specific egg incubator was used for egg development. In the exposed group, 20 fertilized eggs were exposed to mobile phone electromagnetic waves by placing a mobile phone inside the incubator in silent mode, while in the control, the battery was removed. Mobile phone received calls from outside for 50 minutes in 24 hours. Electron microscopy of liver was conducted. Control group revealed normal hepatocytes with big central nucleus, well-developed cristae in normal looking mitochondria, rounded nucleus, scattered ribosomes, few glycogen vacuoles and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Normal looking sinusoids lined by simple squamous epithelium and few Kupffer cells. Sinusoid were containing many nucleated RBC. On tenth day of development, exposed group revealed marked proliferation of mitochondria. At day 15, electron-dense mitochondria which were either swollen or dumbbell shaped, degenerated invisible cristae were apparent. Marked infiltration of fatty vacuoles and myelin-like figures in the cytoplasm, and derangement of classic hepatic lobule and sinusoids was observed. We conclude that electromagnetic waves affected the proliferation of hepatocytes in the chick embryo.
Keywords: Electron microscopy; electromagnetic waves; Electron microscopic Back to TOC