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Kataria H. C, Ambore S, Namdeo M. Physico-Chemcial Analysis of Drinking Water of Gandhi Nagar Area of Bhopal Speical Reference to Pollution. Biomed Pharmacol J 2010;3(1)
Manuscript received on :November 30, 2009
Manuscript accepted on :December 30, 2009
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H. C. Kataria*1, Santosh Ambore2 and Maneesha Namdeo2

1Department of Chemistry Government Geetanjali Girls College, Bhopal - 462 038 India.

2Government Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalaya Bhopal - 462 001 India.

Abstract

Physico – chemical analysis of drinking water of Gandhi Nagar area of Bhopal city has evaluated in different sampling stations for one year during 08-09 in different seasona. The samples are collected from different sampling stations in clean Jerry canes and carried to laboratory for analysis of different parameter, pH, EC, free CO2, chloride total alkalinity, T-H, Ca – H, Mg – H, D.O, B.O.D., C.O.D., NO3, SO4 and Fluoride, The present study has its significance for public hygiene in public interest.

Keywords

Water quality; evaluation parameters; hygiene; physico-chemical analysis

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Kataria H. C, Ambore S, Namdeo M. Physico-Chemcial Analysis of Drinking Water of Gandhi Nagar Area of Bhopal Speical Reference to Pollution. Biomed Pharmacol J 2010;3(1)
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Kataria H. C, Ambore S, Namdeo M. Physico-Chemcial Analysis of Drinking Water of Gandhi Nagar Area of Bhopal Speical Reference to Pollution. Biomed Pharmacol J 2010;3(1). Available from: http://biomedpharmajournal.org/?p=1466

Introduction

Bhopal is the capital of Madhya Pradesh. Water samples of bore – wells water are collected in 2 – litre clean polythene jerry – cane after flushing the bore – wells to analyses. The procedure has adopted as prescribed by APHA (1985) NEERI (1986) Presterilized bottles are used to collect the

D.O. & B.O.D samples. Temperature pH of water samples has measured at the sampling stations. In the present study temperature varied from 25- 28.50C. pH indicates the intensity of acidity. Electrical conductivity of water samples range form 220 – 988 u mhos/cm that measure the dissolved ions and has the capacity to carry on electrical charge of both cat ions and anions.

summarized in Table – 1 Nitrate concentration in ground water is due to leaching of nitrate with percolation of water. Nitrate in this study varies from 3.2-12.4 ppm is well within the permissible limits. Sulphate is an important constituent of hardness with ca and Mg. Excess amount of sulphate in water has Cathartic effect of human health Rangwala, KS and Rangwala PS (1927)5. Sulphate in this study ranges form 32.2-70.6 ppm. The findings are similar with Kataria (1996)2. (2000)3. Most of the parameters are found within the per missible limits as recommended WHO 1978)8.

Hence water samples analyzed in the present study has found suitable for drinking purpose after proper required treatment .

Free CO ranges from 6.0 – 32.8 ppm Fluoride concentration in the present study chloride, total alkalinity, Total hardness Ca-H and is found lower value of 0.06 at SS and higher 1.0 Mg – H are observed in the range of 18.2 – 128.28, at SS the findings are similar to these of Kataria 22.8 – 364, 104.8 – 384, and 72-312 and 24-72.4 ppm respectively at different sampling stations. Higher values of alkalinity are due to leaching of soil during natural filtration of water from sewage. D.O., B.O.D. and C.O.D. range from 1.14 – 2.68, 2.00 – 3.20 and 20.8-78.8 ppm respectively as et. al. (2008,2009) The value of 8 to 1.0mg/L of F-has been recommended by WHO (1970) Fluoride is important content of water to teeth and other pathological changes and has assumed considerable importance to public water supply and resources.

Table 1: Physico-chemical analysis of drinking water of Gandhi Nagar Area of Bhopal City 2008 – 09

Mean seasonal values (Winter, Summer & Monsoon)

Parameters Unit SS1 SS2 SS3 SS4 SS5 SS6 SS7 SS8
Temperature oC 24.3 26..0 27.2 27.2 27.1 26.5 24.9 28
pH – 6.3 6.5 7.2 7 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.8
EC Umhos/cum 322 236 388 258 680 488 564 968
FreeCO ppm 6.4 11.6 32.4 7.8 20.6 20.4 23.2 32.5
Chloride ppm 18.2 70.4 39.8 65 128.12 112.8 120.8 136.4
Total alkalinity ppm 104.92 132 148 102.8 288 295 376 288
Total hardness ppm 104.9 132 148 102.8 288.2 294 372 386.4
Ca-H ppm 72.1 88 108 72.8 246.2 254 280 314.2
Mg – H ppm 32.8 44 40 30 42 40 112 72.2
D.O. ppm 1.16 1.42 2.28 1.62 2.54 1.82 2.44 2.7
B.O.D. ppm 2.04 3.64 2.24 12.4 1.94 3.74 3.4 3.8
C.O.D ppm 20.92 25.8 12.8 78.4 36 25.92 69.8 82.8
Nitrate ppm 3.24 7.8 3.6 16.8 13.6 15.4 10.4 16.8
Sulphate ppm 34.4 36.4 46.8 50.4 54 64 70.4 90.2
Fluoride ppm 0.06 0.08 0.8 0.7 0.9 1 0.8 0.6

SS1 = Near Asharam Bapu Ashram                      SS2 = Pratap ward

SS3 = Arjun Ward                                                  SS4 = Tagore Ward

SS5 = Pardi Mohalla                                              SS6 = Sagar Instt. of Tech.

SS7 = Exotica Residency                                     SS8 = Jatkhedi.

References

  1. Standard methods for the examnatin of water and waste water APHA, 13th Ed. New York (1985).
  2. Kataria, C.Gupta S.S. and Jain, O.P. Poll Res, 14(4): 455-562 (1996).
  3. Kataria, C. Preliminary study of drinking water of Pipariya township, Poll, Res, 19(4): 645-649 (2000).
  4. C. Kataria, et al., Bio chemical Evaluation of Ground water of Karond area of Bhopal India, Asian J. of Chemistry 17(4): 2815-2817 (2005).
  5. C. Kataria and Shahla Bux. (2008) : Hydro chemical analysis of groundwater of BHEL area of Bhopal city, IJEP 29(5): 705-709.
  6. C. Kataria Et. Al (2009) : Study of fluoride content in groundwater and surface water of Bhopal city, IJEP 29(8): 461-464.
  7. NEERI : Manual on water and waster water analysis, national environmental Research Institute, Nagpur 340 (1986).
  8. Rangwala, S. and Rangwala P.S., water supply and sanitary, engineering character Pub. House Anand (Vely), India, 12th Ed. 43,44 (1927).
  9. Yogesh singh and C. Kataria, Studies on water quality of Kaliyasot Dam, M.P. India, Curr. world environ. 3(1): 147-152 (2008).
  10. Who, Environmental health Criteria, 5, Genewa (1978).
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